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1 results

  • 8 - Non-equilibrium phase transitions

  • from Part II - Applications
  • Antoni Planes, University of Barcelona, Avadh Saxena, Los Alamos National Laboratory
  • Book:
    Phase Transitions
    Published online:
    01 May 2025
    Print publication:
    15 May 2025, pp 272-299

  • Summary

    Non-equilibrium phase transitions are non-thermal transitions that occur out-of-equilibrium. The chapter first discusses systems that are subjected and respond with hysteresis to an oscillating field due to a competition between driving and relaxation time scales. When the former is much shorter than the latter, a non-equilibrium transition occurs associated with the dynamical symmetry breaking due to hysteresis. A dynamical magnetic model is introduced and it is shown that the mean magnetization in a full cycle is the adequate order parameter for this transition. A mean-field solution predicting first-order, critical and tricritical behaviours is analysed in detail. The second example refers to externally driven disordered systems that respond intermittently through avalanches. The interesting aspect is that for a critical amount of disorder, avalanches occur with an absence of characteristic scales, which define avalanche criticality as reported in different ferroic materials. This behaviour can be accounted for by lattice models with disorder, driven by athermal dynamics.