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1 results

  • Chapter 10 - Traumatic Stress Conceptual Framework

  • Edited by Armen Goenjian, Alan Steinberg, Robert Pynoos
  • Book:
    Lessons Learned in Disaster Mental Health
    Published online:
    20 May 2022
    Print publication:
    26 May 2022, pp 162-178

  • Summary

    This chapter provides an overview of the components of the evolving conceptual model since the 1988 Spitak earthquake that guided the intervention and research arms of our work in Armenia. With the concept of traumatic stress as the gateway to post-trauma sequelae and recovery, we recognized the important contributions made by post-trauma adversities and the pervasiveness of trauma and loss reminders in the aftermath. Individual and ecological factors were seen as making powerful contributions to the impact and course of recovery, especially in terms of factors associated with resistance, resilience, vulnerability, adjustment, maladjustment, and pathology. The traumatic stress pathway is embedded in a developmental perspective, with the understanding that child, adolescent, and adult development plays an overarching role across all aspects of the conceptual framework. In addition, cultural and religious factors are also seen as integral. Implications of the conceptual model for data collection metrics and methodology, as well as intervention strategies are also discussed.