Descriptions of the structure of the church in the period 1073-1216 often drew an analogy with secular government. Bernard of Clairvaux, the most influential writer on papal authority in the twelfth century, eschewed monarchical language but expressed the supremacy of the Roman church through a range of alternative images. The Roman church is 'the head of the world through whom the keys and judgement-seats are granted to all bishoprics'. Huguccio concluded that the Roman church instituted all prelates, whatever their ecclesiastical dignity or office. The years 1073-1216 saw the pope firmly established as supreme judge not only of all men but also of the law itself. The holy Roman church confers right and authority on the sacred canons, but she herself is not bound by them, because she has the right of making the canons. The pope's right to confer privileges on ecclesiastical institutions and his right to cancel such privileges equally revealed his dominion over the law.