This chapter presents a discussion between experts on the basic science of sperm and placenta. They speculate whether the cervix might be similarly affected as the uterus. Gordon smith states that cervical tissue is obviously much harder to get, and it is relatively straightforward to obtain lower uterine segment at caesarean section. Dimitrios Nikolaou states that the cephalopelvic disproportion is important, but not as important as intrauterine growth restriction or stillbirth. There are data about pre-eclampsia and eclampsia which show increased risks at the extremes of age. The effectiveness of sperm is controlled by fibroblast growth factor, and by knocking out the receptor, the likelihood of the sperm fertilising the egg is increased. Herman Tournaye states that the endocrine function is going down with ageing, and it is called andropause but without sudden stop as in menopause. The terminology used is late-onset hypogonadism and is a natural phenomenon.