Investigations were conducted in six farm fields (1.5 to 3 ha each) in Burkina Faso with objectives to (1) study adult Smicronyx spp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) population dynamics during Striga hermonthica (Scrophulariaceae) seed-pod production, (2) assess the impact of different population levels of Smicronyx spp. on St. hermonthica capsule production and, (3) estimate Smicronyx female reproductive success in seed-pod galls. A Univac portable sampler was used to sample adult Smicronyx spp. and St. hermonthica densities were assessed using aim2 metal quadrat. Fifty St. hermonthica shoots per field were sampled each week. Before the emergence of St. hermonthica, Smicronyx adults were found on nearby Striga éspera (Willd) Benth. fields. Striga hermonthica shoots produced on average ca. 24 seed capsules each, while each female Smicronyx galled from 12 to 32 seed pods. Seed-pod galling alone was not sufficiently high to be considered as a successful reduction factor for St. hermonthica seed production in natural conditions. Smicronyx spp. adult population levels decreased during the St. hermonthica capsule production period. Increased population levels of Smicronyx spp. resulted in higher percentages of St. hermonthica seed-pod galls, suggesting that a ugmentative techniques, if used as part of an integrated control programme could be a worthwhile strategy.