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4 results

  • Chronic upregulation of circadian clock protein per1 among OSA patients

  • A. Gabryelska, M. Sochal, P. Bialasiewicz
  • Journal:
    European Psychiatry / Volume 64 / Issue S1 / April 2021
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    13 August 2021, pp. S554-S555
    • Article
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      • Open access
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  • Introduction

    PER1 is a repressor protein involved in regulating circadian rhythm. While obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by recurred pauses in breathing caused by the collapse of the upper airways it might be associated with disruption of the circadian clock.

    Objectives

    The study aimed to assess PER1 protein in OSA patients and evaluate its association with PSG parameters.

    Methods

    The study included 40 individuals, who underwent diagnostic polysomnography (PSG) examination. Based apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) patients were divided into groups: control (AHI<5; n=10) and OSA (AHI5; n=30). All participants had their peripheral blood collected in the evening (9:00-10:00 pm) before and in the morning (6:00-7:00 am) after the PSG. PER1 protein concertation measurements were performed using ELISA. Funding: National Science Centre, Poland-2018/31/N/NZ5/03931.

    Results

    The control and OSA group were match in sex and age, while differed regarding BMI (p=0.039), desaturation index (p<0.001) and AHI (p<0.001). PER1 protein level was elevated in OSA group compared to control both in the evening (322.384.1vs.208.460.1pg/ml;p<0.001) and morning (314.891.9vs.228.157.3pg/ml;p=0.002). No difference was observed between evening and morning PER1 level (p=0.946). Morning PER1 correlated with AHI (r=0.400; p=0.011), desaturation index (r=0.391;p=0.013), age (r=-0.312;p=0.049) and BMI (r=0.383;p=0.015). In a multiple linear regression model (R2=0.268;p=0.003) morning PER1 protein level was influenced by age (p=0.006) and AHI (p=0.025), while BMI and desaturation index were not significant.

    Conclusions

    OSA patients might suffer from circadian clock disruption, which is mainly associated with the severity of the disorder and age. Further studies are needed as this dysregulation can result in metabolic and mood disorders often observed in this group of patients.

  • Association between Sleep Disordered Breathing and Nighttime Driving Performance in Mild Cognitive Impairment

  • Nathan Cross, Zoe Terpening, Shantel L. Duffy, Simon J.G. Lewis, Ron Grunstein, Keith Wong, Sharon L. Naismith
  • Journal:
    Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society / Volume 23 / Issue 6 / July 2017
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    24 April 2017, pp. 502-510

  • Objectives: The effect of sleep disordered breathing (SDB) on driving performance in older adults has not been extensively investigated, especially in those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between severity measures of SDB and a simulated driving task in older adults with and without MCI. Methods: Nineteen older adults (age ≥50) meeting criteria for MCI and 23 age-matched cognitively intact controls underwent neuropsychological assessment and a driving simulator task in the evening before a diagnostic sleep study. Results: There were no differences in driving simulator performance or SDB severity between the two groups. In patients with MCI, a higher oxygen desaturation index (ODI) was associated with an increased number of crashes on the simulator task, as well as other driving parameters such as steering and speed deviation. Poorer driving performance was also associated with poorer executive functioning (set-shifting) but the relationship between ODI and crashes was independent of executive ability. Conclusions: While driving ability did not differ between older adults with and without MCI, oxygen saturation dips in MCI were related to worse driving performance. These results suggest that decreased brain integrity may render those with SDB particularly vulnerable to driving accidents. In older adults, both cognition and SDB need to be considered concurrently in relation to driving ability. (JINS, 2017, 23, 502–510)

  • Chapter 8 - Pathogenesis of cerebral small-vessel disease in obstructive sleep apnea

  • Edited by Antonio Culebras
  • Book:
    Sleep, Stroke and Cardiovascular Disease
    Published online:
    05 January 2013
    Print publication:
    06 December 2012, pp 97-103

  • Summary

    This chapter highlights the significance of oxidative stress and vascular inflammation in promoting endothelial disease and atherosclerosis in sleep apnea patients, with an emphasis on the contribution of these mechanisms to the development of cardiovascular morbidity and stroke in these patients. Most studies investigating oxidative stress in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) present indirect findings by using various bodily fluid markers such as plasma, serum, or urine. The presence of IH is a key factor in initiating proatherogenic activity and a likely link for the close association between OSA and cardiovascular diseases. Increased oxidative stress, vascular inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction resulting from intermittent hypoxia (IH) can lead to high susceptibility of patients with OSA to stroke. The balance between proatherogenic and protective mechanisms may determine the predisposition of OSA patients to stroke or other cardiocerebrovascular diseases.

  • 12 - Sleep and pediatrics

  • from SECTION 3 - SLEEP IN SPECIALTY AREAS
    • By Roberta Leu, Department of Pediatrics, Case University School of Medicine, USA, Carol L. Rosen, Department of Pediatrics, Case University School of Medicine, USA
  • Edited by Harold R. Smith, University of California, Irvine, Cynthia L. Comella, Birgit Högl
  • Book:
    Sleep Medicine
    Published online:
    08 August 2009
    Print publication:
    10 April 2008, pp 208-223

  • Summary

    This chapter helps clinicians to understand developmental changes in sleep patterns, screen for and identify common pediatric sleep disorders, know what tests and treatments to consider, and decide when to refer to a specialist. It describes the clinical presentation, basic evaluation, and management strategies for the most common sleep disorders in children in the following categories: insomnia, sleep-disordered breathing, hypersomnias, circadian rhythm sleep disorders, parasomnias, and sleep-related movement disorders. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common health problem, affecting 2% of children. Onset of narcolepsy typically occurs between 15 and 25 years of age with a prevalence rate of 2 per 1000. Multiple physiologic processes of our bodies, including our sleep/wake cycle, follow circadian rhythms with a periodicity of roughly 24 hours. Sleep-related movement disorders involve restless legs syndrome (RLS) and rhythmic movement disorder (RMD).