A grammatical approach to product design is demonstrated.
In particular, shape grammars are shown to be especially
useful for products that are differentiated primarily on
the basis of form yet driven by function; they allow products
to be designed as a sequence of well-defined steps. However,
it is not always clear how to choose the sequence of rules
that should be applied to generate the final shape. In
this paper we demonstrate that at each stage during the
process, partial designs of the final product can be used
to provide feedback to the designer based on specific design
objectives and thus suggest possible rule choices. We take
advantage of the shape grammar for the generation of coffeemakers
introduced by Agarwal and Cagan, and associate with the
grammar rules expressions that model manufacturing costs.
With each application of a shape grammar rule, an understanding
of the overall cost of manufacturing the product is incrementally
improved. Thus, at each stage of the design process the
designer has an indication of what the overall cost of
the product will be and how the selection of one grammar
rule over another influences the final cost. Once the complete
product is generated, an appraisal of its manufacturing
cost is given to the designer. This evaluation methodology
helps the designer understand the implications of decisions
made early on in the design process. We have also verified
the accuracy of this approach through the costs of some
commercially available coffeemakers, generated by this
method, which are comparable to the costs for those designs
listed in the literature.