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  • Acknowledgment Deeds (iqrārs) in Early New Persian from the Area of Bāmiyān (395–430 ah/1005–1039 ce)

  • OFIR HAIM
  • Journal:
    Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society / Volume 29 / Issue 3 / July 2019
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    09 July 2019, pp. 415-446
    Print publication:
    July 2019

  • The article provides an edition and translation of eight early Islamic acknowledgment (iqrār) deeds written in Early New Persian, which are preserved in the National Library of Israel. The acknowledgment deeds are part of a rich trove of manuscripts known as the “Afghan Genizah”, reportedly found in the area of Bāmiyān in central Afghanistan. Dated between the years 395–430/1005–1039, the eight discussed acknowledgment deeds are probably the earliest extant legal documents written in New Persian. This implies that Islamic legal documents were drawn up in New Persian in the area of Bāmiyān—and perhaps in other eastern Iranian territories—as early as the beginning of the 5th/11th century. Furthermore, a thorough examination of the formulaic structure of these acknowledgment deeds reveals their reliance on Arabic legal formulae, which may reflect an early stage of legal writing in New Persian.