Field infestation of millet by Sitotroga cerealella (initial infestation) has been studied in two cropping systems and in three locations in Senegal. In all cases, ears were attacked since harvest, but the level of damage was 10 times higher on ears from fields close to dwelling houses than on those away from dwelling houses. In this way, the author discusses the problematic conservation of millet seeds in farm conditions, depending on that initial infestation in one hand and on the other hand on storage method of millet ears in traditional granaries.