For a real Enriques surface $Y$ we prove that every homology class in $H_1(Y(R), Z/2)$ can be represented by a real algebraic curve if and only if all connected components of $Y(R)$ are orientable. Furthermore, we give a characterization of real Enriques surfaces which are Galois-Maximal and/or Z-Galois-Maximal and we determine the Brauer group of any real Enriques surface $Y$.