“We revisit the quantum one-time pad and investigate the possibility of shortening the key used for quantum encryption. We first provide an impossibility result, and then show how it can be circumvented in two different ways: using approximate encryption, and by opening the door to the fascinating world of computational security. We also discuss a new possibility for quantum encryption, which is known as certified deletion: this is the possibility for the encrypter of a secret to request that the ciphertext is provably and irrevocably erased.”

We explain the fundamentals of PLC network management and security. We describe how privacy and security are guaranteed in PLC. We introduce guidelines for configuring security keys in commercial PLC devices. Finally, we discuss potential issues with PLC security andcompare PLC with Wi-Fi from a physical-layer and security-protocols perspective.

This chapter analyses the policy and regulatory developments leading up to the enactment of the Cyber Security Law, including China’s Anti-Terrorism Law and how enforced source code ‘backdoor provisions’ were removed from the final draft of this law to protect China’s innovation policy goals. The discussion of China’s Network Sovereignty push is continued by explaining the significant debate about Network Sovereignty-related ideological thinking in China’s Anti-Terrorism Law. This law is yet another example of how problematic laws are delayed, as further consultation is sought. Comparisons are also made with a similar policy debate on ‘backdoor provisions’ in the United States, to show that the initial Chinese approach was not so different from universal debates, at that time, and ultimately reflects international practice. Similar approaches are now finding more widespread acceptance globally including in Australia and the United Kingdom.

Over a span of a millennium or more, Maya scribes and sculptors in the Maya lowlands used a writing system notable for its formal complexity and close links to imagery. At times, in so-called full-figure writing, glyphic elaboration erupts into a welter of massed bodies, imparting a misleading impression of narrative pictures. Wit and fun seem to abound, along with hints of an exuberant, scribal personality behind certain inscriptions. The stress on physicality ‒ things with interiors, exteriors, and defining edges in between ‒ is thoroughgoing. Efficiencies of graphic presentation lead logically to a design choice, whether to show a full thing-in-the-world, or to abbreviate that display by exhibiting a recognizable feature. As a deliberate category error ‒ is it picture, is it text? ‒ full-figure signs heighten the pleasure of being puzzled. They build in part on the cognitive frissons of the Stroop Effect, in which one set of information collides with another. The pictorial interaction of such signs ranges along one of two extremes: sociable contact that is decorous, restrained, respectful, and an indecorous, emotive striving that might lead to uncertain outcomes. In the most extreme cases, Maya writing oscillates between controllability and a bare containment of feral will in the glyphs.

Privacy and information security are distinct but related fields.1 Security focuses on questions surrounding the extent to which related products, systems, and processes can effectively defend against “attacks on confidentiality, integrity and availability of code and information.”2 The field of information security often involves inquiries about the legal consequences of security failures.3 In 2018, The Economist reported that “more than ninety percent of the world’s data appeared in just the past two years.”4 In the last decade there have been multiple large-scale data breaches and inadvertent data exposures that have resulted in the disclosure of millions of our data.

Chapter 4 discusses the topic of reactive surveillance, such as thermal imagers, decryption tools, and devices that reveal the phone numbers that are being dialed on a telephone. These are tools which the government needs in order to respond to privacy-enhancing technology used by private citizens. Although reactive surveillance tools can be very intrusive in some ways, in most contexts they are only being used to learn information that would ordinarily be public, but has been hidden by new forms of privacy-enhancing technology, such as heat lamps, encryption tools, and cell phones. In evaluating reactive surveillance, we need to consider both the level of criminal activity that is potentially masked by the privacy-enhancing technology, and how the privacy-enhancing technology has affected society’s expectations of privacy. In the context of encryption, we need to assist law enforcement even further, by creating a key escrow system which will give law enforcement the ability to decrypt any piece of data once they have obtained the proper legal authority