The illegal theft of old trees threatens China’s ecological and cultural heritage. Despite legal protections, their high-value timber has persistently fuelled illicit trade driven by economic incentives and weak enforcement in remote areas, endangering biodiversity and cultural traditions. This Comment article proposes comprehensive and alternative approaches to combat the illegal theft of old trees by advocating for a strengthened legal framework, enhanced monitoring systems and increased support for local authorities. It highlights the importance of public awareness and community engagement in conservation efforts to address the ingrained economic drivers of this illegal trade.
