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7 results

  • Investigating the vision-based intervertebral motion estimation of the Cadaver’s craniovertebral junction

  • Mohammad Zubair, Sachin Kansal, Sudipto Mukherjee
  • Journal:
    Robotica / Volume 41 / Issue 10 / October 2023
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    29 May 2023, pp. 2907-2914
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  • Craniovertebral junction (CVJ) is one of the more complex parts of the spinal column. It provides mobility to the cranium and houses the spinal cord. In a healthy subject, the CVJ contributes 25% of the flexion–extension motion and 50% of the axial rotation of the neck. This work reports instrumentation development and results for evaluating implant performance in the stabilized CVJ after surgical procedures. Typically, some bony parts of the vertebrae causing compression to the spinal cord are removed and subsequently stabilized by the instrumenting implant in the CVJ. Pose estimation of the Cadaveric CVJ region is estimated using a monocular vision-based setup. The cervical spine’s first three vertebrae surround the CVJ area, where most cervical spine mobility originates. We aim to evaluate the performance of vision-based intervertebral motion estimation of the Cadaver’s CVJ in the Indian population, particularly in older people. A series of tests were performed on the Cadaver’s CVJ to evaluate the vision system-based motion estimation performance.

  • Extratemporal facial nerve branching patterns: systematic review of 1497 cases

  • A Poutoglidis, G K Paraskevas, N Lazaridis, C Georgalas, K Vlachtsis, K Markou, S Gougousis, G Fyrmpas, S Keramari, A Tsentemeidou, X Vardaxi, K Garefis, F Poutoglidou, N Tsetsos
  • Journal:
    The Journal of Laryngology & Otology / Volume 136 / Issue 12 / December 2022
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    26 August 2022, pp. 1170-1176
    Print publication:
    December 2022
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  • Objective

    The aim of this systematic review was to analyse the complex anatomy of the extratemporal portion of the facial nerve with an accurate description of the branching patterns based on the Davis classification.

    Method

    Medline, ScienceDirect and the Cochrane Library databases as well as other sources were searched by two independent reviewers.

    Results

    Analysis of 21 studies with a total of 1497 cases showed that type III is the most common branching pattern accounting for 26.8 per cent of cases. The type I pattern, previously considered as the normal anatomy in most textbooks, was the fourth most common branching pattern at 16.3 per cent. The majority of specimens (96.4 per cent) were found to have a bifurcated main trunk, and only 3.2 per cent were found with a trifurcated main trunk.

    Conclusion

    Surgeons should be aware of anatomical variations in the course of the facial nerve. An early identification of the branching pattern during surgery reduces the risk for iatrogenic facial nerve injury.

  • The Dead and their Possessions: The Declining Agency of the Cadaver in Early Medieval Europe

  • Emma Claire Brownlee
  • Journal:
    European Journal of Archaeology / Volume 23 / Issue 3 / August 2020
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    06 February 2020, pp. 406-427
    Print publication:
    August 2020
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  • Between the sixth and eighth centuries ad, the practice of furnished burial was widely abandoned in favour of a much more standardized, unfurnished rite. This article examines that transition by considering the personhood and agency of the corpse, the different ways bonds of possession can form between people and objects, and what happens to those bonds at death. By analysing changing grave good use across western Europe, combined with an in-depth analysis of the Alamannic cemetery of Pleidelsheim, and historical evidence for perceptions of the corpse, the author argues that the change in grave good use marks a fundamental change in the perception of corpses.

  • An anatomical study of the myelination of human laryngeal nerves

  • J C Fleming, N Gibbins, P J Ingram, M Harries
  • Journal:
    The Journal of Laryngology & Otology / Volume 125 / Issue 12 / December 2011
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    22 August 2011, pp. 1263-1267
    Print publication:
    December 2011
  • Objective:

    To determine the differences in myelination between the human recurrent laryngeal nerve and superior laryngeal nerve.

    Methods:

    Fifteen confirmed laryngeal nerve specimens were harvested from five cadavers. Cross-sections were examined under a photomicroscope and morphometric analysis performed.

    Results:

    There was a significantly greater number of myelinated fibres than unmyelinated fibres, in both the recurrent laryngeal nerve (p = 0.018) and the superior laryngeal nerve (p = 0.012). There was a significantly greater number of myelinated fibres in the superior laryngeal nerve, compared with the recurrent laryngeal nerve (p = 0.028). However, there was no significant difference in the number of unmyelinated fibres, comparing the two nerves (p = 0.116).

    Conclusion:

    These findings support those of previous studies, and provide further evidence against the historical plexus theory of laryngeal nerve morphology. The differences in the degree of myelination, both within and between the human laryngeal nerves, may have clinical consequence regarding recovery of function following nerve injury.

  • Care of the Chemically Dead: A Tale of Two Bodies

  • Antony Nocera, Peter Davis
  • Journal:
    Prehospital and Disaster Medicine / Volume 24 / Issue S1 / February 2009
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    17 February 2017, p. s159
    Print publication:
    February 2009
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