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1 results

  • UK Airspace Planning – The New ICAO Airspace Classification System

  • W. J. V. Walker
  • Journal:
    The Journal of Navigation / Volume 46 / Issue 3 / September 1993
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    21 October 2009, pp. 336-342
    Print publication:
    September 1993

  • Since the advent of large-scale commercial aviation in the mid 1940s, a system of routes has been developed between airports serving the major conurbations of the world. To prevent collision between aircraft using these routes and off-route traffic, protection is provided to the routes and to the vicinity of airports by means of controlled airspace, airways (AWYS), control areas (CTAS) and control zones (CTRS). Zones commence at ground level and the base an area is at a defined altitude. Inside this controlled airspace certain rules apply which are more stringent than those applied outside, and all movements are subject to Air Traffic Control (ATC).