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Variability in phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity and essential oil profile in different tissues of Ferula assa-foetida L. populations in Iran: an opportunity for industrial products

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 February 2024

Batool Jalili ,
Sakineh Saeidi-sar ,
Nahid Masoudian Open the ORCID record for Nahid Masoudian [Opens in a new window] ,
Asghar Zarban  and
Mohammad Hasan Namaei
Batool Jalili
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
Sakineh Saeidi-sar
Affiliation:
Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Shariati, Tehran Branch, Technical and Vocational University, Tehran, Iran
Nahid Masoudian*
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
Asghar Zarban
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
Mohammad Hasan Namaei
Affiliation:
Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
*
Corresponding author: Nahid Masoudian; Email: nahid.masoudian1400@gmail.com
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Abstract

Plant responses to multiple environmental conditions in the habitat are characterized by intra-species variety. Ferula assa-foetida L. is a native medical plant in Iran, which has a wide range of therapeutic and pharmacological properties. The objective of the current study was to identify changes in phenolic content, antioxidant capacity and essential oil (EO) composition in different tissues (leaf, flower and fruit) of three populations of F. assa-foetida L. (Sarbisheh, Nehbandan, located in South Khorasan province of Iran). The results showed that total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity in the leaves of Sarbisheh were higher than in other treatments. The amount of TPC, TFC and DPPH scavenging activity in leaves was higher than in other tissues in the Sarbisheh population, increasing by 31 and 70%, 41 and 20%, 8 and 13%, respectively, over that of flowers and fruits. The main EO compounds of leaves were α-pinene (11.86–13.56%), β-pinene (6.80–7.99%), bornyl acetate (15.80–17.33%). The main EO constitutes of flowers were Z-propenyl-sec-butyldisulfide (10.12–12.4%), eco-fenchyl acetate (10.87–12.4%), myrcisticin (13.43–15.87%) and α-bisabolol (11.23–13.76%). The primary compounds of fruit EO were β-pinene (9.32–11.26%), (Z)-1-propenyl sec butyldisulf (17.54–18.87%) and (E)-1-propenyl sec butyldisulf (28.32–30.02%). The agglomerative hierarchical clustering showed that three distinguished clusters were identified for population, where Nehbandan and Qaen had the higher similarity and Sarbisheh completely differed from the two ones. Different plant tissues contain varying types of chemicals, with leaves exhibiting higher levels of phenolic content and antioxidant capacity. This characteristic can be beneficial for industries such as food and pharmaceuticals.

Keywords

antioxidant activityenvironmental variationessential oil compositionplant populationSouth Khorasan
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 22 , Issue 2 , April 2024 , pp. 97 - 106
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of National Institute of Agricultural Botany

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