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Early maladaptive schemas, depression and anxiety in adolescent psychiatric out-patients

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 December 2024

Hanna Ahrnberg Open the ORCID record for Hanna Ahrnberg [Opens in a new window] ,
Jallu Lindblom Open the ORCID record for Jallu Lindblom [Opens in a new window] ,
Riittakerttu Kaltiala Open the ORCID record for Riittakerttu Kaltiala [Opens in a new window]  and
Max Karukivi Open the ORCID record for Max Karukivi [Opens in a new window]
Hanna Ahrnberg*
Affiliation:
Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
Jallu Lindblom
Affiliation:
Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
Riittakerttu Kaltiala
Affiliation:
Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
Max Karukivi
Affiliation:
University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Turku, Finland The Wellbeing Services County of Satakunta, Psychiatric Care Division, Pori, Finland
*
Corresponding author: Hanna Ahrnberg; Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Background:

A growing number of studies among adolescents have reported early maladaptive schemas (EMS) to associate with anxiety and depression within non-clinical samples. However, there is a gap of knowledge concerning clinical populations.

Aims:

The current study’s aim was to explore the potential association between EMS domains and anxiety and depressive symptoms within clinical sample of adolescents.

Method:

The current study included 176 adolescent psychiatry out-patients. The EMS domains were measured with the Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form 2-Extended (YSQ). Their association with anxiety symptoms (the Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale) and depressive symptoms (the Beck Depression Inventory II) were analysed with general linear models while controlling for significant confounding factors.

Results:

Depressive symptoms were associated with three of the four EMS domains: Disconnection and Rejection (η2p=0.047, p=0.005), Impaired Autonomy and Performance (η2p=0.074, p<0.001), and Impaired Limits (η2p=0.053, p=0.003). Anxiety symptoms were associated with two EMS domains: Impaired Autonomy and Performance (η2p=0.046, p=0.005) and Excessive Responsibility and Standards (η2p=0.054, p=0.002).

Conclusions:

Various EMS domains were associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms among adolescent out-patients. Further studies are needed on the effect of EMSs on the treatment outcomes for depression and anxiety.

Keywords

adolescenceanxietydepressionearly maladaptive schemasout-patients
Type
Brief Clinical Report
Information
Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy , First View , pp. 1 - 5
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapies

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References

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