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Prevalence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Following the Earthquake in Iran and Pakistan: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 March 2021

Maryam Hosseinnejad ,
Vahid Yazdi-Feyzabadi ,
Ahmad Hajebi ,
Ali Bahramnejad ,
Reza Baneshi ,
Roghayeh Ershad Sarabi ,
Maryam Okhovati ,
Razieh Zahedi ,
Hossein Saberi  and
Farzaneh Zolala
Maryam Hosseinnejad
Affiliation:
Health in Disasters and Emergencies Research Center, Institute for Future Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Department of Health, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery and Health, Islamic Azad University, Kerman Branch, Kerman, Iran
Vahid Yazdi-Feyzabadi
Affiliation:
Health Services Management Research Center, Institute for Future Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
Ahmad Hajebi
Affiliation:
Research Center for Addiction & Risky Behaviors (ReCARB), Psychiatric Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Ali Bahramnejad
Affiliation:
Neuroscience Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
Reza Baneshi
Affiliation:
Modeling in Health Research Center, Institute for Future Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
Roghayeh Ershad Sarabi
Affiliation:
Medical Informatics Research Center, Institute for Future Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
Maryam Okhovati
Affiliation:
Physiology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
Razieh Zahedi
Affiliation:
Modeling in Health Research Center, Institute for Future Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
Hossein Saberi
Affiliation:
School of Management and Medical Informatics, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, KermanIran
Farzaneh Zolala*
Affiliation:
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Institute for Future Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
*
Corresponding author: Farzaneh Zolala, Email: [email protected].
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Abstract

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common mental disorder following traumatic events. The present study was conducted to understand the prevalence of PTSD after the earthquake in Iran and Pakistan. The review includes all articles published from inception to March 2019. The pooled prevalence for overall PTSD was 55.6% (95% CI: 49.9–61.3). It was 60.2% (95% CI: 54.1–66.3) and 49.2% (95% CI: 39.4–59) for Iranian and Pakistani survivors, respectively. Women experienced higher incidence of PTSD than men. The variation of PTSD based on the clinical interview was lower than the self-report approach. The interval time between the earthquakes and the assessment showed that the prevalence of PTSD decreased over time. The prevalence of PTSD in Iran and Pakistan was higher than the global average, and the rate of the disorder in Iran was higher than in Pakistan. Sex, method of assessment, and time lag between the occurrence of disaster and assessment of PTSD affect the prevalence.

Keywords

earthquakeIranPakistanposttraumatic stress disorderprevalence
Type
Systematic Review
Information
Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness , Volume 16 , Issue 2 , April 2022 , pp. 801 - 808
Copyright
© 2021 Society for Disaster Medicine and Public Health, Inc.

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