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Sodium overload during postnatal phases impairs diastolic function and exacerbates reperfusion arrhythmias in adult rats

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 May 2024

Marina Conceição dos Santos Moreira ,
Allancer Divino de Carvalho Nunes ,
Paulo Ricardo Lopes ,
Cintia do Carmo Silva ,
Stefanne Madalena Marques ,
Lara Marques Naves Open the ORCID record for Lara Marques Naves [Opens in a new window] ,
Matheus Lobo Perez Dias Open the ORCID record for Matheus Lobo Perez Dias [Opens in a new window] ,
Fernanda Cristina Alcântara Santos ,
Rodrigo Mello Gomes Open the ORCID record for Rodrigo Mello Gomes [Opens in a new window]  and
Carlos Henrique Xavier Open the ORCID record for Carlos Henrique Xavier [Opens in a new window]
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Marina Conceição dos Santos Moreira
Affiliation:
Department of Academic Areas, Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Goiás, Formosa, Brazil
Allancer Divino de Carvalho Nunes
Affiliation:
Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
Paulo Ricardo Lopes
Affiliation:
Department of Physiological Science, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
Cintia do Carmo Silva
Affiliation:
Department of Physiological Science, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
Stefanne Madalena Marques
Affiliation:
Department of Physiological Science, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
Lara Marques Naves
Affiliation:
Department of Physiological Science, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
Matheus Lobo Perez Dias
Affiliation:
Department of Physiological Science, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
Fernanda Cristina Alcântara Santos
Affiliation:
Department of Histology, Embryology, and Cell Biology, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
Rodrigo Mello Gomes
Affiliation:
Department of Physiological Science, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
Carlos Henrique Xavier
Affiliation:
Department of Physiological Science, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
Carlos Henrique de Castro
Affiliation:
Department of Physiological Science, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
Gustavo Rodrigues Pedrino*
Affiliation:
Department of Physiological Science, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
*
Corresponding author: G. R. Pedrino; Email: pedrino@ufg.br
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Abstract

Sodium overload during childhood impairs baroreflex sensitivity and increases arterial blood pressure and heart rate in adulthood; these effects persist even after high-salt diet (HSD) withdrawal. However, the literature lacks details on the effects of HSD during postnatal phases on cardiac ischemia/reperfusion responses in adulthood. The current study aimed to elucidate the impact of HSD during infancy adolescence on isolated heart function and cardiac ischemia/reperfusion responses in adulthood. Male 21-day-old Wistar rats were treated for 60 days with hypertonic saline solution (NaCl; 0.3M; experimental group) or tap water (control group). Subsequently, both groups were maintained on a normal sodium diet for 30 days. Subsequently, the rats were euthanized, and their hearts were isolated and perfused according to the Langendorff technique. After 30 min of the basal period, the hearts were subjected to 20 min of anoxia, followed by 20 min of reperfusion. The basal contractile function was unaffected by HSD. However, HSD elevated the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure during reperfusion (23.1 ± 5.2 mmHg vs. 11.6 ± 1.4 mmHg; p < 0.05) and increased ectopic incidence period during reperfusion (208.8 ± 32.9s vs. 75.0 ± 7.8s; p < 0.05). In conclusion, sodium overload compromises cardiac function after reperfusion events, diminishes ventricular relaxation, and increases the severity of arrhythmias, suggesting a possible arrhythmogenic effect of HSD in the postnatal phases.

Keywords

Childhoodhigh-salt dietcardiac functionleft ventricular pressurearrhythmogenic effect
Type
Original Article
Information
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease , Volume 15 , 2024 , e9
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press in association with The International Society for Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD)

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