Hostname: page-component-7bb8b95d7b-cx56b Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-09-29T21:44:16.708Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Performance, agronomic traits, ensilability and nutritive value of pearl millet cultivar harvested at different growth stages

Part of: AGS Millet Collection

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 May 2020

R. D. Santos Open the ORCID record for R. D. Santos [Opens in a new window] ,
A. L. A. Neves ,
L. G. R. Pereira ,
L. E. Sollenberger ,
E. N. Muniz ,
E. Y. B. Souza ,
A. J. S. Sobral ,
N. V. Costa  and
L. C. Gonçalves
R. D. Santos*
Affiliation:
Embrapa Semi-Arid, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
A. L. A. Neves
Affiliation:
Embrapa Dairy Cattle, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
L. G. R. Pereira
Affiliation:
Embrapa Dairy Cattle, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
L. E. Sollenberger
Affiliation:
University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
E. N. Muniz
Affiliation:
Embrapa Coastal Tablelands, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
E. Y. B. Souza
Affiliation:
Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
A. J. S. Sobral
Affiliation:
Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
N. V. Costa
Affiliation:
Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
L. C. Gonçalves
Affiliation:
Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
*
Author for correspondence: R. D. Santos, E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.) is an important crop for rainfed production systems and can play a significant role as a feed source for ruminants owing to its high yield and drought tolerance. It is well-established that the maturity stage can influence the chemical composition as well as the nutritional value of crops traditionally used for silage production, although quantitative evidence that this occurs with pearl millet under rainfed conditions is lacking. The current research assessed the agronomic characteristics, ensilability, intake and digestibility of a Brazilian pearl millet cultivar (IPA BULK1-BF) harvested at four different growth stages. Forage was harvested at 35, 50, 65 and 80 days after sowing and ensiled under laboratory and farm conditions. Apparent digestibility of the silages was determined using 24 male lambs. The results showed that dry matter (DM) and panicle and stem proportions increased with the advancement maturity. The silage evaluations showed that DM, total and non-fibrous carbohydrates and lignin concentrations increased, while crude protein, ADF and in vitro DM digestibility decreased with the increase in plant maturity. Additionally, the fermentation characteristics were improved with the increasing maturity. The digestion study showed that intake of DM and N as well as digestibility of DM and fibre fractions decreased, while lignin intake increased. The results obtained for the production of dry and digestible DM, the ratio of plant fractions and fermentation parameters indicate the possibility of harvesting pearl millet forage after 50 days after sowing for silage production in the Brazilian semi-arid region.

Keywords

Digestibilitydrought resistanceforagesemi-aridwater-use efficiency
Type
Animal Research Paper
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 158 , Issue 3 , April 2020 , pp. 225 - 232
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adams, RF, Jones, RL and Conway, PL (1984) High-performance liquid-chromatography of microbial-acid metabolites. Jounal of Chromatograph B 336, 125–137.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Agronomic Institute of Pernambuco (IPA) (1999) Milheto IPA BULK1-BF: Cultivar de Milheto Forrageiro Para Corte, Feno E Silage, 1st Edn., Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil: IPA.Google Scholar
Aoki, Y, Oshita, T, Namekawa, H, Nemoto, E and Aoki, M (2013) Effect of cutting height on the chemical composition, nutritional value and yield, fermentative quality and aerobic stability of corn silage and relationship with plant maturity at harvest. Grassland Science 59, 211–220.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) (2005) Official Methods of Analysis, vol. 2, 18th Edn.Arlington, VA, USA: AOAC.Google Scholar
Atis, I, Konuskan, O, Duru, M, Gozubenli, H and Yilmaz, S (2012) Effect of harvesting time on yield, composition and forage quality of some forage sorghum cultivars. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 14, 879–886.Google Scholar
Bell, MA and Fischer, RA (1994) Guide to plant and crop sampling: measurements and observations for agronomic and physiological research in small grain cereals. Wheat Special Report, 66.Google Scholar
Bernard, JK and Tao, S (2015) Short communication: production response of lactating dairy cows to brachytic forage sorghum silage compared with corn silage from first or second harvest. Journal of Dairy Science 98, 8994–9000.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bezerra, JDC, Santos, IAS, Almeida, GAP, Pereira, MS, Lima, DFF and Ferreira, GDC (2011) Morfoanatomia do colmo de milheto (IPA BULK 1 BF) sob condições de irrigação no Agreste Pernambucano. Revista Cientifica de Produção Animal 13, 38–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blaser, JL, Hammes, RC, Fontenot, JP, Bryant, HT, Polan, CE, Wolf, DD, McClaugherty, FS, Kline, RG and Moore, JS (1986) Growth stages of plants, forage quality and animal production. Forage-Animal Management Systems. Virginia Agriculture Experiment Station Bulletin 9, 86–87.Google Scholar
Bukhari, MA, Ayub, M, Ahmad, R, Mubeen, K and Waqas, R (2011) Impact of different harvesting intervals on growth, forage yield and quality of three pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum L.) cultivars. International Journal for Agro Veterinary and Medical Sciences 5, 307–315.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Costa, ACT and Priesnitz, R (2014) Influence of spatial arrangement of pearl millet in relation to the phenological stage and thermal units. Global Science and Technology 7, 37–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, MP, Freetly, HC, Kuehn, LA and Wells, JE (2014) Influence of dry matter intake, dry matter digestibility, and feeding behavior on body weight gain of beef steers. Journal of Animal Science 92, 3018–3025.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
FAO (2008) Climate Change and Food Security: A Framework Document. Rome FAO Publications.Google Scholar
Ferraretto, LF, Shaver, RD, Massie, S, Singo, R, Taysom, DM and Brouillette, JP (2015) Effect of ensiling time and hybrid type on fermentation profile, nitrogen fractions, and ruminal in vitro starch and neutral detergent fiber digestibility in whole-plant corn silage. The Professional Animal Scientist 31, 146–152.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferreira, DJ, Lana, RP, Zanine, AM, Santos, EM, Veloso, CM and Ribeiro, GA (2013) Silage fermentation and chemical composition of elephant grass inoculated with rumen strains of Streptococcus bovis. Animal Feed Science and Technology 183, 22–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guimaraes, KC, Costa, KAP, Paludo, A, Santos, NF, Rossi, RM and Cruvinel, WS (2014) Protein fraction, degradability and digestibility of pearl millet silage at different cutting ages. Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences 36, 33–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hassanat, F, Mustafa, AF and Seguin, P (2007) Effect of the brown midrib trait and stage of development at harvest on cell wall composition and degradability of forage pearl millet leaves and stems. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 87, 421–429.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Helander, C, Nørgaard, P, Zaralis, K, Martinsson, K, Murphy, M and Nadeau, E (2015) Effects of maize crop maturity at harvest and dietary inclusion rate of maize silage on feed intake and performance in lambs fed high-concentrate diets. Livestock Science 178, 52–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Illius, AW and Jessop, NS (1996) Metabolic constraints on voluntary intake in ruminants. Journal of Animal Science 74, 3052–3062.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Johnson, L, Harrison, JH, Hunt, C, Shinners, K, Doggett, CG and Sapienza, D (1999) Nutritive value of corn silage as affected by maturity and mechanical processing: a contemporary review. Journal of Dairy Science 82, 2813–2825.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Johnson, LM, Harrison, JH, Davidson, D, Robutti, JL, Swift, M, Mahanna, WC and Shinners, K (2002) Corn silage management I: effects of hybrid, maturity, and mechanical processing on chemical and physical characteristics. Journal of Dairy Science 85, 833–853.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Khan, SH, Khan, AG, Sarwar, M and Azim, A (2007) Effect of maturity on production efficiency, nutritive value and in situ nutrients digestibility of three cereal fodders. International Journal of Agricultural Research 2, 900–909.Google Scholar
Khan, SH, Shahzad, MA, Nisa, M and Sarwar, M (2011) Nutrients intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance and growth performance of sheep fed different silages with or without concentrate. Tropical Animal Health and Production 43, 795–801.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Khan, NA, Yu, P, Ali, M, Cone, JW and Hendriks, WH (2015) Nutritive value of maize silage in relation to dairy cow performance and milk quality. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 95, 238–252.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kung, L and Ranjit, NK (2001) The effect of Lactobacillus buchneri and other additives on the fermentation and aerobic stability of barley silage. Journal of Dairy Science 84, 1149–1155.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marsalis, MA, Angadi, SV and Contreras-Govea, FE (2010) Dry matter yield and nutritive value of corn, forage sorghum, and BMR forage sorghum at different plant populations and nitrogen rates. Field Crops Research 116, 52–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mason, SC, Maman, N and Pale, S (2015) Pearl millet production practices in semi-arid West Africa: a review. Experimental Agriculture 51, 501–521.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McDonald, P, Henderson, AR and Heron, SJE (1991) The Biochemistry of Silage, 2nd Edn.Marlow. Chalcombe Publications, p. 226.Google Scholar
McDougall, EI (1948) Studies on ruminant saliva. 1. The composition and output of sheep's saliva. Biochemical Journal 43, 99–109.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moisio, T and Heikonen, M (1994) Lactic acid fermentation in silage preserved with formic acid. Animal Feed Science and Technology 47, 107–124.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Monks, PL, Ferreira, OGL and Peske, ST (2005) Forage yield and quality, pre and post seed harvesting, of pearl millet submitted to different cutting regimes. Revista Brasileira de Agrociência 11, 227–230.Google Scholar
Morales, JU, Alatorre, AH, Becerra, JFC and Vazquez, HG (2014) Nutritive characteristics of pearl millet forage in four phenological stages. Revista Mexicana Ciencias Pecuarias 5, 321–330.Google Scholar
National Council for the Control of Animal Experimentation (CONCEA) (2008) Procedures for the scientific use of animals. Based on the CLAUSE VII of the 1st Paragraph in Article 225 of the Brazilian Federal Constitution. Brasília, DF, Brazil: Brazilian Government through the National Council for the Control of Animal Experimentation (CONCEA) and Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees (CEUA).Google Scholar
Peyrat, J, Baumont, R, Le Morvan, A and Noziere, P (2015) Effect of maturity and hybrid on ruminal and intestinal digestion of corn silage in dry cows. Journal of Dairy Science 98, 8009–8017.Google Scholar
Santos, HG, Jacomine, PKT, Anjos, LHC, Oliveira, VA, Lumbreras, JF, Coelho, MR, Almeida, JA, Cunha, TJF and Oliveira, JB (2013) Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de Solos. Brasilia, DF, Brazil: Embrapa.Google Scholar
Santos, RD, Neves, ALN, Pereira, LGR, Sollenberger, LE, Rodrigues, JAS, Tabosa, JN, Verneque, RS, Oliveira, GF, Jayme, DG and Gonçalves, LC (2015) Agronomic traits, ensilability and nutritive value of five pearl millet cultivars grown in a Brazilian semi-arid region. Journal of Agricultural Science 1, 1–9.Google Scholar
Sebastian, S, Phillip, LE, Fellner, V and Idziak, ES (1996) Comparative assessment of bacterial inoculation and propionic acid treatment on aerobic stability and microbial populations of ensiled high-moisture ear corn. Journal of Animal Science 74, 447–456.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Silva, JFC and Leão, MI (1979) Fundamentos de Nutrição dos Ruminantes. Piracicaba, SP, Brazil: Livroceres.Google Scholar
Sniffen, CJ, O'Connor, JD, Van Soest, PJ, Fox, DG and Russell, JB (1992) A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating cattle diets: 2. Carbohydrate and protein availability. Journal of Animal Science 70, 3562–3577.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tilley, JMA and Terry, RA (1963) A two stage technique for the in vitro digestion of forage crops. Grass and Forage Science 18, 104–111.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Soest, P (1994) Nutritional Ecology of the Ruminant, 2nd Edn.New York. Cornell University Press, p. 476.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weatherburn, MW (1967) Phenol-hypochlorite reaction for determination of ammonia. Analytical Chemistry 39, 971–974.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zadoks, JC, Chang, TT and Konzak, CF (1974) A decimal code for the growth stages of cereals. Weed Research 14, 415–421.CrossRefGoogle Scholar