Sigurd Wagner

Guest editor for this issue of MRS Bulletin

Department of Electrical Engineering and Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; tel. 609-258-4631, -4641; and email [email protected].

Wagner has been at Princeton University since 1980. He received his PhD degree from the University of Vienna in 1968. Afterward, he was a postdoctoral fellow at Ohio State University; worked at Bell Laboratories, where he co-invented the CuInSe₂ (CIS), CuInS₂, and Cu₂CdSnS₄ solar cells, among others; and was the founding chief of the Photovoltaics Research Branch at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Wagner has introduced new electronic materials for flexible, conformably shaped, and stretchable large-area displays, electrotextiles, and electronic skin. He is also studying functional cells for large-area electronics, including displays, multifunctional materials, and sensor arrays, and the interdependence of electrical and mechanical properties in film-on-foil electronics. At present, he focuses on thin-film silicon devices on plastic, elastically stretchable metal conductors, and flexible environmental barrier layers. Wagner is a fellow of the American Physical Society and IEEE.

Siegfried Bauer

Guest editor for this issue of MRS Bulletin

Department of Soft Matter Physics, Johannes Kepler University, Altenbergerstrasse 69, Linz, A-4040, Austria; tel. 43-732-2468-9241, -9293; and email [email protected].

Bauer has been at Johannes Kepler University since 1997. He received his PhD degree from the University of Karlsruhe in 1990, and subsequently worked at the Heinrich Hertz Institute for Communications Engineering in Berlin and at the University of Potsdam. His research employs soft materials in flexible and stretchable electronics. Bauer also studies the electroactive properties of elastomers and polymers and their applications in actuators and energy harvesting. Currently, his work is focused on ultrathin, -flexible, and -compliant electronic devices and on harnessing instabilities to achieve giant voltage triggered actuation. He has recently been awarded a European Research Council Advanced Investigators Grant.

Frederick Bossuyt

Centre for Microsystems Technology, Ghent University and Interuniversity Microelectronics Centre, Ghent, Belgium; tel. +32-09-264-53-54; and email [email protected].

Bossuyt has been with the Center for Microsystems Technology, which is part of Ghent University and the Interuniversity Microelectronics Centre, Leuven, Belgium, since 2006. He received his BS degree in electrical engineering and his PhD degree in electrical engineering from Ghent University in 2006 and 2011, respectively. His research interests include stretchable electronics technologies.

Ingrid De Wolf

Interuniversity Microelectronics Centre and Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium; email [email protected].

De Wolf heads the group REMO at the Interuniversity Microelectronics Centre, Leuven, Belgium, where research is focused on reliability and modeling of microelectronics devices and packages. She received her PhD degree in sciences and physics from the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven. In September 1989, she joined the reliability group of the Interuniversity Microelectronics Centre in Belgium. De Wolf has authored or co-authored several book chapters and more than 250 publications in these fields. She is an IEEE senior member and part-time professor at the Metals and Applied Materials Engineering Department of the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven.

Joseph Eckerle

SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; tel. 650-859-2987; and email [email protected].

Eckerle is a senior research engineer at SRI International. He received an SM degree from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and has worked for more than three decades in electromechanical research and development. His interests center around transducers. He has developed touch sensors for robots; capacitive encoders; and blood pressure, pulse rate, and other medical instruments. He was one of the earliest researchers in electroactive polymer sensors and actuators at SRI. Eckerle also has been awarded more than two dozen patents involving electronic circuits, sensors, and actuators.

Mario Gonzalez

Interuniversity Microelectronics Centre, Leuven, Belgium; email [email protected].

Gonzalez is a research scientist at the Interuniversity Microelectronics Centre, Leuven, Belgium. He received his MSc degree in materials science from the University of Nuevo Leon, Mexico, in 1996, and his PhD degree in mechanical and materials engineering from the Ecole Centrale Paris, France, in 2001. He is the author or co-author of more than 90 papers in areas including numerical FE simulation, mechanical and thermomechanical reliability analysis of packaging, MEMS, photovoltaics, and stretchable interconnections.

Yung-Yu Hsu

MC10 Inc., Cambridge, MA 02140, USA; tel. 617-234-4448.

Hsu has been with MC10 Inc., a startup company based in Boston, MA, since September 2011. He received his PhD degree from the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium, in 2011. From 2001 to 2006, Hsu was with the Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), Taiwan, as a research engineer. From 2008 to 2011, he was with the Interuniversity Microelectronics Centre, Belgium, as a researcher working on stretchable/flexible electronics. He has published more than 30 peer-reviewed papers and has four U.S. patents and nine patents granted in Taiwan and China.

Yonggang Huang

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; tel. 847-467-3165; and email [email protected].

Huang is the Joseph Cummings Professor jointly in the Department of Mechanical Engineering and the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Northwestern University. He obtained his BS degree in mechanics from Peking University, China, in 1984, and his SM and PhD degrees in engineering science from Harvard University in 1987 and in 1990, respectively. Huang’s research includes mechanics modeling of advanced materials, devices, and processes. He has published more than 300 papers in journals and 25 book chapters. He also has been recognized with many awards, including the Larson Award (2003), Melville Medal (2004) and Richards Award (2010) from the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Young Investigator Medal (2006) from the Society of Engineering Science, International Journal of Plasticity Medal (2007), Guggenheim Fellowship (2008) from the John Simon Guggenheim Foundation, and Honorary Professorship (2009) from Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications.

Michal Jablonski

Centre for Microsystems Technology, Ghent University and Interuniversity Microelectronics Center, Ghent, Belgium; tel. +32-09-264-53-69; and email [email protected].

Jablonski is currently working toward his PhD degree at the Centre for Microsystems Technology, Ghent University, Belgium. He received his BS and MS degrees in electrical engineering from the AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland, between 2008 and 2010. His research aims at the realization of large-area, conformable lighting sources for wearable, automotive, and medical applications.

Dae-Hyeong Kim

School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea 151–744; tel. 82-2-880-1634; and email [email protected].

Kim is an assistant professor in the School of Chemical and Biological Engineering at Seoul National University. He obtained his BS and MS degrees in chemical engineering from Seoul National University, Korea, in 2000 and 2002, respectively. He received his PhD degree in materials science and engineering from the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign in 2009. From 2009 to 2011, Kim was a postdoctoral research associate at the University of Illinois. He has published more than 31 papers, 22 patents, and 1 book chapter. He also has been recognized with several awards, including the George Smith Award (2009) from the IEEE Electron Device Society, an MRS Graduate Student Award (Gold Medal, 2009), the Green Photonics Award from SPIE (2011), and the TR 35 Award from MIT’s Technology Review magazine (2011).

Susan Kim

SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; tel. 650-859-2648; and email [email protected].

Kim is a research engineer at SRI International, a non profit research organization. She has a BS degree in engineering from Harvey Mudd College and has been working for the robotics group at SRI for three years. During this time, she has been involved with developing hardware for robotic, consumer product, and military training applications. Some of Kim’s recent work involves characterization and design development of electrostatic clutches for a low-cost robotic manipulator.

Roy Kornbluh

SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; tel. 650-859-2527; and email [email protected]@sri.com.

Kornbluh is a principal research engineer in SRI International’s Robotics Laboratory, where he has worked for most of the past 25 years. He received his BS degree from Cornell University and his SM degree from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, both in mechanical engineering. His research interests include the development of new electromechanical systems, smart materials, and energy harvesting. He is an inventor of the dielectric elastomer electroactive polymer technology. Kornbluh also has more than 50 publications and 30 patents in his areas of interest.

Thomas Low

SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; tel. 650-859-2103; and email [email protected].

Low is the associate director of the Robotics Program at SRI International, where he is responsible for SRI’s telerobotics activities. He joined SRI in 1984 after earning his BS degree in mechanical engineering from the University of California at Berkeley. He later received an MSME degree from Stanford University. Aside from his management responsibilities, Low performs systems dynamics analysis.

Nanshu Lu

Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; tel. 617-793-9896; and email [email protected].

Lu is an assistant professor in the Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics at the University of Texas at Austin. She obtained her BS degree in engineering mechanics from Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, in 2005, and her PhD degree in mechanics of materials from Harvard University in 2009. From 2009 to 2011, she was a postdoctoral research associate at the University of Illinois, working on biointegrated flexible/stretchable electronics. Her research focuses on the design, microfabrication, test, and mechanics modeling of biointegrated flexible/stretchable electronics, as well as the abiotic-biotic interface mechanics. Lu has published more than 10 academic papers and 1 pending patent is under review. She has been recognized with the Beckman Institute Postdoctoral Fellowship (2009–2011).

Brian McCoy

SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; tel. 650-859-4726; and email [email protected].

McCoy is a research engineer in the Robotics Laboratory at SRI International. He holds an MS degree in materials science and engineering from San Jose State University. His current research interests are high voltage dielectric phenomena and electrostatic engineering applications such as electroadhesion. He was previously employed at Hitachi and IBM Almaden Research, where he conducted thin-film materials characterization.

Ron Pelrine

SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; tel. 303-834-8167; and email [email protected].

Pelrine, a chief scientist in SRI International’s Robotics Laboratory, is a principal inventor of dielectric elastomer transducers and has been active in the field since 1992. Pelrine has a BS degree in physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, an MS degree in physics from the University of Washington at Seattle, and a PhD degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Texas at Austin. Along with other researchers at SRI, Pelrine laid the foundations of dielectric elastomer transduction, and was the first to discover both silicone and acrylic as dielectric elastomer materials.

Harsha Prahlad

SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; tel. 650-859-3629; and email [email protected].

Prahlad is a senior research engineer in SRI International’s Robotics Program. He received his MS and PhD degrees in aerospace engineering from the University of Maryland, College Park. He has 15 years of experience working with smart materials, including 10 years of experience with electroactive component technologies. He is a principal inventor of an electrostatics-based technology called electroadhesion. Prahlad holds more than 20 granted or pending patents, is a co-author of several book chapters on electroactive materials, as well as author or co-author of more than 30 journal and conference publications on the subject.

John A. Rogers

Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; tel. 217-244-4979; and email [email protected].

Rogers is the Lee J. Flory-Founder Chair in Engineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, with a primary appointment in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering. He obtained BA and BS degrees in chemistry and physics from the University of Texas, Austin, in 1989. He received SM degrees in physics and chemistry from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1992, and his PhD degree in physical chemistry in 1995. Rogers’ research includes fundamental and applied aspects of materials and patterning techniques for unusual electronic and photonic devices, with an emphasis on biointegrated and bioinspired systems. He has published more than 300 papers and is an inventor on more than 80 patents, roughly 50 of which are licensed or in active use. He is a member of the National Academy of Engineering and a fellow of the IEEE, the American Physical Society, the Materials Research Society, and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. His research has been recognized with many awards, including a MacArthur Fellowship in 2009 and the Lemelson-MIT Prize in 2011.

Tsuyoshi Sekitani

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Tokyo; tel. +81-3-5841-0413; and email [email protected].

Sekitani has been an associate professor in the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering at the University of Tokyo since 2011. He received his PhD degree in applied physics from the University of Tokyo in 2003. From 2003 to 2009, he was a research associate with the Quantum-Phase Electronics Center at the University of Tokyo. His current research interests include physics in organic semiconductors, organic transistors, and flexible, stretchable electronics. Sekitani was a recipient of the Ericsson Young Scientist Award in 2007, the Ando Incentive Prize for the Study of Electronics in 2009, and the IEEE Paul Rappaport Award in 2009 and 2010.

Takao Someya

Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, University of Tokyo; tel. +81-3-5841-6828; and email [email protected].

Someya has been a professor in the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering at the University of Tokyo since 2009. He received his PhD degree in electrical engineering from the University of Tokyo in 1997. Afterward, he joined the Institute of Industrial Science at the University of Tokyo as a research associate. He was appointed a lecturer of the Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST) at the University of Tokyo in 1998 and an associate professor of RCAST in 2002. From 2001 to 2003, Someya was with the Nanocenter of Columbia University and Bell Labs, Lucent Technologies, as a visiting scholar. From 2003 to 2009, he was an associate professor in the Department of Applied Physics and Quantum-Phase Electronics Center at the University of Tokyo. His current research interests include organic transistors, flexible electronics, plastic integrated circuits, large-area sensors, and plastic actuators. Someya also is a member of the IEEE Electron Devices Society, the Materials Research Society, and the Japanese Society of Applied Physics.

Zhigang Suo

Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; tel. 617-495-3789; and email [email protected].

Suo is the Allen E. and Marilyn M. Puckett Professor of Mechanics and Materials at Harvard University. He earned his BS degree from Xi’an Jiaotong University in 1985 and his PhD degree from Harvard University in 1989. He was a professor at the University of California at Santa Barbara and at Princeton University. Suo works on deformation, fracture, and mass transport in solids. He co-founded iMechanica, the web of mechanics and mechanicians. He also is a recipient of the Humboldt Research Award and is a member of the United States National Academy of Engineering.

Jan Vanfleteren

Centre for Microsystems Technology, Ghent University and Interuniversity Microelectronics Centre, Ghent, Belgium; tel. +32-09-264-53-60; and email [email protected].

Vanfleteren is a senior engineer at the Interuniversity Microelectronics Centre - Centre for Microsystems Technology group and is a part-time professor at Ghent University, Belgium. He obtained his PhD degree in electronic engineering from Ghent University in 1987. His research focuses on the development of novel interconnections, assembly, and substrate technologies, especially for wearable and implantable electronics and sensor applications. He is a member of the International Microelectronics and Packaging Society and IEEE, has co-authored more than 200 papers in international journals and conferences, and holds 14 patents/patent applications.

Thomas Vervust

Centre for Microsystems Technology, Ghent University and Interuniversity Microelectronics Centre, Ghent, Belgium; tel. +32-9-264-55-13; and email [email protected].

Vervust is a research scientist at the Centre for Microsystems Technology at Ghent University in Belgium (affiliated with the Interuniversity Microelectronics Centre). He received his master’s degree in electronics engineering from Ghent University in 2007. Verust is working toward his PhD degree on stretchable and washable electronics for embedding in textiles. His research focuses on the development of stretchable electronic technologies for large-area applications.

Annjoe Wong-Foy

SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; tel. 650-859-3538; and email [email protected].

Wong-Foy is a senior research engineer in SRI International’s Robotics Laboratory. He holds an AB degree in chemistry and physics from Harvard University and a PhD degree in physical chemistry from the University of California–Berkeley. He has extensive experience with EPAM design and fabrication, in addition to planar lightwave circuit and MEMS fabrication and integration. Wong-Foy’s other work includes research on low-field magnetic resonance imaging and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy with superconducting quantum interference detectors.