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Shared genetic basis and causality between schizophrenia and inflammatory bowel disease: evidence from a comprehensive genetic analysis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

Jing Wang ,
Guang-Yu Luo ,
Tian Tian ,
Yu-Qiang Zhao ,
Shi-Yin Meng ,
Jun-Hua Wu ,
Wen-Xiu Han ,
Bin Deng  and
Jing Ni Open the ORCID record for Jing Ni [Opens in a new window]
Jing Wang
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
Guang-Yu Luo
Affiliation:
Department of Gastroenterology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
Tian Tian
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
Yu-Qiang Zhao
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
Shi-Yin Meng
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
Jun-Hua Wu
Affiliation:
Teaching Center for Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
Wen-Xiu Han
Affiliation:
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
Bin Deng*
Affiliation:
Department of Gastroenterology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
Jing Ni*
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
*
Corresponding author: Bin Deng; Email: chinadbin@126.com; Jing Ni; Email: nijing@ahmu.edu.cn
Corresponding author: Bin Deng; Email: chinadbin@126.com; Jing Ni; Email: nijing@ahmu.edu.cn
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Abstract

Background

The comorbidity between schizophrenia (SCZ) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) observed in epidemiological studies is partially attributed to genetic overlap, but the magnitude of shared genetic components and the causality relationship between them remains unclear.

Methods

By leveraging large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics for SCZ, IBD, ulcerative colitis (UC), and Crohn's disease (CD), we conducted a comprehensive genetic pleiotropic analysis to uncover shared loci, genes, or biological processes between SCZ and each of IBD, UC, and CD, independently. Univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were applied to assess the causality across these two disorders.

Results

SCZ genetically correlated with IBD (rg = 0.14, p = 3.65 × 10−9), UC (rg = 0.15, p = 4.88 × 10−8), and CD (rg = 0.12, p = 2.27 × 10−6), all surpassed the Bonferroni correction. Cross-trait meta-analysis identified 64, 52, and 66 significantly independent loci associated with SCZ and IBD, UC, and CD, respectively. Follow-up gene-based analysis found 11 novel pleiotropic genes (KAT5, RABEP1, ELP5, CSNK1G1, etc) in all joint phenotypes. Co-expression and pathway enrichment analysis illustrated those novel genes were mainly involved in core immune-related signal transduction and cerebral disorder-related pathways. In univariable MR, genetic predisposition to SCZ was associated with an increased risk of IBD (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.07–1.15, p = 1.85 × 10−6). Multivariable MR indicated a causal effect of genetic liability to SCZ on IBD risk independent of Actinobacteria (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.06–1.16, p = 1.34 × 10−6) or BMI (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.04–1.18, p = 1.84 × 10−3).

Conclusions

We confirmed a shared genetic basis, pleiotropic loci/genes, and causal relationship between SCZ and IBD, providing novel insights into the biological mechanism and therapeutic targets underlying these two disorders.

Keywords

cross-trait meta-analysisgenetic correlationinflammatory bowel diseasemendelian randomizationschizophrenia
Type
Original Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 54 , Issue 10 , July 2024 , pp. 2658 - 2668
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press

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Footnotes

*

Jing Wang, Guang-Yu Luo, and Tian Tian contributed equally to this paper.

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