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Index

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 October 2023

Jesse Spafford
Jesse Spafford
Affiliation:
Victoria University of Wellington

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Social Anarchism and the Rejection of Moral Tyranny , pp. 234 - 242
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023
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This content is Open Access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence CC-BY-NC 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/cclicenses/

Index

abortion, 33, 42, 48
academic philosophy, 1, 13, 223
action/inaction distinction, 113
activists, 17
actual compliance, 190, 193–194, 202
actuality desideratum, 205, 206–207, 209, 212–213, 215
ad hoc, 45, 48, 66, 93, 144, 147, 164, 185, 207
advantage, 4, 18, 27, 29–30, 39, 50, 69, 71–72, 84–86, 90, 107, 109, 146–147, 155, 156, 169–173, 175–186, 188–201, 214
appropriately distributed, 52, 176, 182, 184, 189
lifetime levels of, 50, 57, 180, 184
nontransferrable, 183, 185
total, 181, 182, 184, 185, 189, 197, 199, 200, 201
warranted expected distributed. See WEDA
agency, 32, 109, 111, 112–113
aggression, 222
aggressors, 46, 47–48
agriculture, 155
Albertsen, Andreas, 175, 197–201
aliens, 123
anarchism
anarcho-capitalism, 2, 7, 140, 212–213
a genuine form of anarchism?, 2–3, 7–9
anarcho-communism, 2, 7, see also social anarchism
canonical texts of, 1–2, 11
market, 2
philosophical, 2, 3, 6, 25, 92, 122, 123, 150–151, 203, 205–208, 212, 215, 217–222
a genuine form of anarchism?, 221–223
political, 6, 203–208, 210–220, 222–223
relation between theory and practice, 16–17
revisionary theories of, 12–13
social. See social anarchism
vs. socialism, 17–18
as stateless political system, 2
what counts as, 6–13, 221–223
anti-essentialism about, 8
essentialism about, 7–8, 12
non-factualism about, 9
quietism about, 9–10, 12
social movement approach, 11–13
anarchist conclusion, 4, 5, 49–55, 58, 65, 91, 92, 97, 122, 123, 149, 151, 152–155, 157–159, 160, 162, 163, 164–165, 167–171, 173, 174, 175–176, 179, 185, 191, 193, 200, 202
anarchist enforcer case, 210–211, 214
anarchist self-ownership. See self-ownership; anarchist self-ownership
anarchists, 1, 21, 89, 173
anarchist movement, 2, 11, 202
political practices of, 16
self-identified, 2, 10–14, 143, 203, 222
animal liberation. See rights; of animals
ant and grasshopper case, 84–86, 175
antifascism, 11
apologies, 60, 64, 220
appropriation. See initial appropriation
arbitrariness, 14, 31, 34, 37, 83, 91, 92, 144, 172, 207
aretaic theories, 70
argument from prudential choice, 74–76
Arneson, Richard, 51, 176, 195, 197, 199, 201
ASO. See self-ownership; anarchist self-ownership
assault, 33, 42, 58, 70, 210, 213, 222
Asymmetry Thesis, 102
Attas, Daniel, 27, 93, 104–105
autonomy, 11
bodily, 143
auxiliary theories. See moral theorizing; auxiliary theories
Bakunin, Mikhail, 1
bargaining power, 95
baseline argument, 105–108
revised version of, 107–108
beliefs, 10, 11, 29, 79, 156, 186–187, 200, 206–207, 208
benefits
to citizens requirement, 140–141
and special obligations, 126–127, 128
supplemental, 37–46, 48, 55, 58–59, 99, 100–102, 117, 142, 144
Berkman, Alexander, 1
bicyclist case, 46–48
birthday case, 106–108
blasphemy, 46
bodies, 3, 5, 21, 32–33, 36, 61, 66, 93, 103, 112, 118–119, 142, 168, 171, 173
contact with, 38–48, 55, 58–59, 63, 66–67, 100–101, 116–117, 142, 144, 145–147, 172
moral control over, 145
as parts of actions, 113
relation to the self, 32
unowned, 99–100
Bookchin, Murray, 1
borders, 122, 138
open, 11
boring problem, 176–177, 195–196
Bornschein, Peter, 109
bottle-throwing case, 55–57
boxing case, 145–146
Braham, Matthew, 171
Breakey, Hugh, 132–133
Brennan, Jason, 45, 68, 80, 104
brick case
hero variant, 197–198
villain variant, 197
modified version, 198–199
Brilmayer, Lea, 138
Bryan, Ben, 45
Buchanan, Allen, 138–141, 159
bucket of sand case, 110–111
variation of, 114
Bundism, 11
bureaucracy, 213
buskers, 60
cabin break-in case, 220
capitalism, 2, 7, 11
car towing case, 175
catcalling, 60, 62–63
causation, 28–31, 38–43, 45–46, 48, 57–59, 71, 100, 156
counterfactual theories of, 29, 39
charity, 176
child abuse, 116–117, 119–120
Chisholm, Roderick M., 77
choice
rewardable, 200–201
sanctionable, 51–52, 54, 56, 57, 67, 84, 85–86, 116, 153, 158, 163, 169–170, 173, 174–187, 189–197, 199–202
Chomsky, Noam, 1
Christmas, Billy, 49
citizenship, 25, 139, 213
Clark, John, 7
CNT/FAI, 11
coercion, 23–25, 122, 157, 206, 209–210, 214, 218
cognitive capacities, 34–35, 116, 117, 119–120
Cohen, G. A., 13, 16, 51, 71, 84, 86, 165, 171, 175
Cohen, Marshall, 207, 209
coherence, 79, 222, 223
of left-libertarianism. See libertarianism; left-; coherence of
of social anarchism. See social anarchism; coherence of
as a theoretical virtue, 14–15, 19
coherentism, 80
collective action problems, 159
common good, 75
communication, 63
community, 144, 205
comparative advantage, 195
compensation, 70, 73, 88–89, 90, 156–157, 162, 169, 176, 220
compensation baseline, 107
competition, 213–214
competition case, 87, 88
complaint
basis for, 27, 62
consent, 22, 60–61, 72–73, 97, 145, 161, 166, 203, 204
hypothetical, 61–63
tacit, 63–65, 134
theory of initial appropriation. See initial appropriation; consent theory of
theory of legitimacy. See legitimacy; consent theory of
theory of territorial legitimacy. See legitimacy; territorial; consent theory of
contextualism
moralized, 178–179
prudential, 175–179
control, 61, 82, 122, 129, 139, 143
conventions, 63–64
cooperation zones, 64
co-operatives, 21
costly rescue, 195, 197, 199, see also Mother Teresa case
counterfactuals, 43, 47, 71, 77, 85, 98, 99, 107, 108, 110, 112, 156, 181, 184, 191, 193, 197, 198–201, 212, see also full compliance
counterfactual analysis of legitimacy. See legitimacy; counterfactual analysis of
counterfactual theories of causation. See causation; counterfactual theories of
cross and compensate, 48
Cruft, Rowan, 70
Davis, Lawrence, 153
democracy, 68–69, 80
democratic theory, 140
dentist case, 75
deontology, 70, 75
vs. utilitarianism. See utilitarianism; vs. deontology
desert, 51
disabilities (Hohfeldian), 71, 166
disability, 174
disadvantage
creation vs. distribution, 197–201
distributive claims, 5, 50, 52–57, 65, 66, 116–117, 119–120, 122, 142, 150–151, 155–158, 166, 167, 169–173, 174, 179, 193, 195
domination, 7–8, 77–79, 80
doorway case, 100–101, 112, 113
drowning child case, 87–89, 176
drug use, 33, 123, 213
duties. See obligations
Dworkin, Ronald, 187
Earth, 131
edicts, 22, 23–25, 81, 122, 129, 133–137, 142, 146–148, 205, 206, 207, see also laws
education, compulsory, 11
efficiency, 50
egalitarian anarchism. See social anarchism
egalitarian proviso, 4, 26, 160
egalitarianism, 2, 14, 18, 19, 21, 26, 65, 68, 85, 86, 97, 151, 154, 157, 161, 170–171, 177, 179, 180, 185, 201–202
all-luck, 187
currency of. See distributive justice; currency of
egalitarian presumption, 86, 170
liberal, 223
luck. see luck egalitarianism
relational, 78
strict, 6, 50, 84–86, 156, 169, 173, 174, 180
enough and as good, 3, 26, see also Lockean proviso
entitlement theories, 5, 25–26, 52–53, 97, 117, 153–155, 157–169, 171, 173, 202
grounds of, 164
revised version of, 161–163
environmentalism, 11
Epstein, Richard, 45
equality, 2, 50, 57, 84, 86, 152, 153, 191
of opportunity, 4, 159–160
Ervin, Lorenzo Kom’boa, 1
Estlund, David, 194
events, 28, 38, 54, 153, 156, 168, 181–182, 184, 188, 190, 191
evidence, 186–187, 189, 192
exchange, 7, 95
blocked, 165–166
conditional, 144, 160
productive, 111
exhibitionism, 45–46
expected value, 182–187, 190, 200, 201
explanation, 1, 9, 35, 43, 100, 103, 113–114, 157, 168, 177, 213
demand for, 33
explanatory power, 63, 79–80
scientific, 79
exploitation, 68, 85, 87
extended mind, 32
extensional adequacy, 55, 56, 58, 62, 65, 66, 67, 69, 74, 87, 112, 119, 201
extortion, 87
Fabbri, Luigi, 1
facts, 145
contingent, 25, 217
empirical, 80, 85, 130, 133, 136, 216–217
moral, 28–29, 99, 156
responsiveness of beliefs to, 29
non-factualism. See anarchism; what counts as; non-factualism about
pre-social, 140
social, 10, 138
fairness, 51, 85, 160–161, 174, 187
Faure, Sébastien, 21
Feinberg, Joel, 220
Feser, Edward, 26, 33, 93, 109, 120, 153
feudalism, 121
fish pond case, 95
Flanigan, Jessica, 37, 45, 48, 171
Fleurbaey, Marc, 177, 187
Foot, Philippa, 42, 43
foreseeability, 54, 69, 73–74, 76, 81–82, 85–86, 91, 109–110, 148, 157, 175, 177, 181–182, 186, 200
foundationalism, 80
free speech, 46
freedom, 11, 21, 78, 144, 165
ability to limit. See domination
moral freedom, 87
Free-thought Movement, 21
Fressola, Anthony, 171
Fried, Barbara, 14, 18–19
Friedman, David, 7
Friedman, Milton, 17
from each according to her ability to each according to her need, 11
fruit case, 98
full compliance, 4, 32, 54, 61, 69, 71–74, 76–78, 80, 81–83, 85–91, 94–106, 109–111, 115–116, 117, 118–119, 146–148, 156–157, 169–170, 171, 172–173, 175–186, 187, 189–195, 202
full ownership. See property rights; full
fur trapper case, 126
modified version, 128
gangs, 209, 211
Gaus, Gerald, 132, 134
Goldman, Emma, 1, 21
Goodwin, Barbara, 7
Government of the United Mexican States, 206
gravity analogy, 11, 16
grounding desideratum, 204–205, 207–210, 211, 213–216
group agent, 23
Guérin, Daniel, 1
gun control, 126, 128
Gustafsson, Johan E., 87
hair growing case, 133
Hanna, Jason, 90
harm, 37, 69, 70, 95, 104, 106, 107, 115, 174
Hayek, Friedrich, 17
historical theories of justice. See entitlement theories
Hobbesian conclusion, 5, 97, 152–157, 168–169, 171, 172, 173
Hohfeldian incidents, 22, 25, 35, 54, 70–71, 86, 166, 171, 205, 206, 211, 220
holdings, 86, 136, 140, 152–153, 156, 157, 158–168, 173, 195
Huemer, Michael, 7, 138, 140, 212, 213–214
Hurley, Susan, 176, 195–196
ideological space, 12, 16
immigration, 212, 213
inaction baseline. See Lockean proviso; inaction baseline
incompatibilist argument, 157–160, 162–165
individuation, 9, 78
Industrial Workers of the World, 11
industry, 155
inequality, 2, 7, 50, 52, 54, 56, 84, 86, 153, 158–160, 162, 168, 169, 174, 176–177, 191, 195–196, 200–201, 202
initial appropriation, 5, 33, 53, 93, 94–108, 110, 111, 115, 121–122, 123, 130, 132–136, 137, 143, 148, 149, 152, 154, 156, 159–161, 171
causal effects of, 28–30
consent theory of, 122, 167
constraints on. See Lockean proviso and egalitarian proviso
justice in. See justice; in appropriation and transfer
parental appropriation, 117–118, 119
self-appropriation, 5, 33–37, 49, 55, 63, 65, 93, 99–102, 115–116, 119, 122, 141–142, 144, 146, 148, 154, 201
unilateral, 2, 26
vs. consensual, 82–83
insect case, 57
intellectual self-confidence, 16–17
intentions, 22, 38, 48, 113, 125, 211
malicious, 69
internalization of costs, 180, 181–182, 186
intuitions, 12, 15, 57–60, 66, 73, 112, 117, 212
libertarian, 146
Ito Noe, 1
Jeffers, Matthew T., 177
Jeske, Diane, 128
jurisdiction, 122, 138–139
justice, 6, 11, 17, 139–140, 161–168, 178, 194, 196, 203, 204–205, 206, 207–215, 216
distributive, 4, 5–6, 16, 19, 50, 53, 66, 69, 117, 152, 170
currency of, 50, 71, 180–181
end-state principles of, 153
entitlement theories of. See entitlement theories
non-entitlement theories of. See non-entitlement theories
patterned principles of, 153
in appropriation and transfer, 153, 158, 159, 164
rights’ and obligations’ relation to, 159, 163, 164, 165, 220
social, 68
justification, 2, 14, 16–17, 19, 23, 34, 143, 158, 176, 191, 195–197
vs. legitimacy, 150
kidneys
purchase of, 146
redistribution of. See redistribution; of organs
kissing case, 145–146
kitchen floor case, 41–42
Knight, Carl, 171, 186–187
Kropotkin, Peter, 1, 121
Kukathas, Chandran, 45
labor, 68, 84–85, 121, 153, 155, 165, 174, 180, see also sex; sex work
land, 3, 5, 49, 68, 95, 121–122, 129–132, 136, 138–139, 151, 152, see also territory
vs. objects, 122
Lang, Gerald, 196
laws, 2, 3, 22, 25, 122–123, 126, 140, 141, 203, 208, see also edicts
enforcement of, 208, 218–223
just, 150
legal systems, 74
legislative process, 208
legitimacy, 6, 121, 122, 203, 205–206, 207, 211, 216
as a permission to coerce, 23, 218–221
consent theory of, 3, 5, 22–25, 65, 80–83, 84, 86, 91, 92, 121–122, 123, 127, 129, 130, 132, 134–138, 139, 140–150, 151, 152, 173, 201, 203
grounds of, 124
Simmons’ argument for, 124–127
strong vs. weak, 82
weaker version of, 143–144
content independence of, 81
counterfactual analysis of, 22
exclusivity requirement, 23–24
explication of, 22–25
partial vs. full, 141
scalar conception of, 23
territorial, 121, 123–124, 127–132, 138, 140–145, 149, 150
consent theory of, 121, 123–124, 127, 129, 136, 137, 141, 142, 146
universal, 123
tout court, 23
unbounded, 123–124, 127, 128
vs. political authority, 23, 218
Weberian, 206–207
Lewis, David, 29, 39
liberalism, 46, 75, 89, 223
libertarianism, 4, 14, 21, 32, 37, 46, 49, 55, 56, 65, 68–69, 72, 74, 84, 87, 89, 92–93, 97, 116, 130, 132, 134–141, 142, 146, 152–153, 155, 160, 164, 169, 173, 174, 201–202, 216
dialectical pressure on, 5–6, 15, 16, 18, 27, 49, 149, 151, 154, 170–171, 223
and entitlement theories, 25
left-, 4, 26, 52, 55, 159–160, 171
coherence of, 18–19
natural rights, 140
radical right-, 26, 93, 108, 120
right-, 3, 5, 19, 26, 27, 52, 86, 93, 135
as a variety of egalitarianism, 171–173
liberties, 70
liberty, 68
Lippert-Rasmussen, Kasper, 51, 102
Locke, John, 26, 53, 83, 84, 171
Lockean proviso, 3, 4, 25–32, 36, 45, 49, 56, 62, 65, 80, 82–84, 86, 91, 92–111, 114–120, 121, 145, 148–149, 151, 152, 154, 156, 160, 167, 173, 201
expected-compliance specification, 30–31
full-compliance specification, 30–31
inaction baseline, 108, 111–114
natural interpretation of, 28
non-appropriation baseline, 98
nonexistence baseline, 28, 96, 98, 99, 100, 103, 107–109, 110, 111, 118
emended version of, 115–116, 118
Nozick’s baseline, 103–108
Nozick’s interpretation of, 164
preliminary/primary statement of, 32
strong vs. weak, 82
welfare specification of, 27
Lomasky, Loren, 104, 132, 153, 171
Long, Roderick, 7, 171
loyalty oath, 25
luck egalitarianism, 3, 5, 13, 50–52, 54–55, 56, 57–58, 64, 65, 66, 69, 92, 109, 117, 119, 142, 152, 157–158, 167, 169–178, 179, 184, 186, 191, 195–197, 199, 200–202, 203
egalitarian baseline variant, 196
motivation for, 84–87
responsibility component of, 51, 80, 84, 86, 91, 201
stakes of, 51
Mack, Eric, 26, 45, 68, 75, 83, 93, 109, 153, 163, 165, 168
Magón, Ricardo Flores, 68
Makhno, Nestor, 1
Malatesta, Errico, 1, 174
markets, 11
private security, 212–214
rejection of, 2
marriage case, 87, 88
mass, 131–132, 141, 143
maximin principle, 4
McElroy, Wendy, 171
McKay, Iain, 7, 8
McKerlie, Dennis, 181
medical procedure case, 73
Meinong, Alexius, 77
Meinong-Chisholm Reduction, 77
Mellor, D. H., 29
mere means, 75
meta-principles, 4, 16, 27, 65, 74, 79, 157, 173, 202, 223
Michel, Louise, 1
military, 7, 212
Milky Way Galaxy, 124
Miller, David, 159, 212
Millian liberties, 33
minarchism, 203
miner case, 200
Minyi Chu, 92
monarch case, 143
money, 50, 87, 146, 165, 195
Moore, Margaret, 140, 141
moral blackmail, 87
moral equality, 34–37, 53, 119–120, 171, 172–173
moral freedom. See freedom; moral
moral personhood, 33, 143
moral slavery, 118
moral theorizing, 67
auxiliary theories, 63, 65, 92, 108
comparative, 66, 223
epistemic challenges of, 58, 63, 112
holistic, 66, 80, 119–120, 146, 185
moral tyranny constraint, 4, 5, 16, 27, 30, 51, 65, 69–74, 76, 77–91, 92, 108–109, 120, 142, 148, 149, 155, 156–157, 168–170, 171, 172–175, 176, 181, 182–186, 192, 193, 194–195, 196, 201–202, 223
generalized version of, 110, 111, 112, 117
laxity objection to, 87–89
moral tyranny objection, 176, 177–180, 195, 196
paternalism objection to, 89–91
stringency objection to, 87
Mother Teresa case, 176, 195, 197
motorcycle case, 177–179, 187–193
Mulkeen, Nicola, 43, 45, 55
murder, 150
mutual aid, 212
Narveson, Jan, 26, 37, 93, 153, 171
natural duties, 124–126, 127, 128
perfect vs. imperfect, 125, 128
positive vs. negative, 125
natural resources, 2, 3, 5, 25, 49, 52, 55, 56, 65, 66, 82, 92, 93, 94–97, 98, 99, 103, 115, 116–117, 121–122, 130–131, 132, 142, 150–151, 152, 157, 159–160, 161, 166–169, 172–173, 174, 179, 191, 195, 200, 202
improvement of, 94–95, 97, 155
preservation of, 94–95, 97, 140
negligence, 69
Nine, Cara, 136, 138, 139–140
non-appropriation baseline. See Lockean proviso; non-appropriation baseline
non-entitlement theories, 153, 164–168
nonexistence baseline. See Lockean proviso; nonexistence baseline
nonexistence test, 98–101, 102
non-worsening constraint, 26, 31
norms
gender, 11
social, 17, 60
Nozick, Robert, 17, 26, 37, 45, 48, 74, 75, 84, 103–108, 111, 115, 117, 153, 158, 161–168, 207, 209
nuclear villain case, 89
nudism, 45–46
nuisance, 60, 64
O’Neill, Onora, 165
obligations
and “ought” implies “can”, 89
conditional, 82, 123, 124, 127–128, 129, 132, 133, 135–136, 142, 144, 146
conflicting, 24, 73
directedness of, 52, 70
filial, 125
impersonal vs. agential, 77
imposition of, 72, 78, 81–82, 86, 122, 132–134, 135, 137, 144, 205, 207, 218, see also legitimacy
natural. See natural duties
political, 122, 124–126, 127, 128
positive vs. negative, 216
pro tanto, 220
promissory, 125, 128
remedial, 88–89, 90, 156, 220
special, 125, 126–129
involuntary, 125, 126–127, 128
voluntary, 125, 126–127, 129
to rescue, 73, 88–89, 179
Okin, Susan Moller, 117
Olsaretti, Serena, 51, 175, 177, 178
omissions, 114
option luck, 187
Otsuka, Michael, 4, 33, 37, 45, 50, 85, 159–160
outstanding professor case, 132
overdetermination, 112, 114
ownership. See property rights
Parsons, Lucy, 1
paternalism, 89, 117, 119, see also moral tyranny constraint; paternalism objection to
patriarchy, 11
peanut farming case, 104
performances, 59–64
permissiveness objection. See self-ownership; anarchist self-ownership; permissiveness objection to
Pettit, Philip, 77–78
philosophical anarchism. See anarchism; philosophical
photons, 34, 44, 46, 59, 63, 66
physical force, 205
physical space, 131
physical space case, 133
pick up the tab, 85
planets, 11, 131, 132
plasma, purchase of, 146
police, 7, 68, 150, 212, 222
abolition of, 11
political authority, 23, 206–208, 218, 219, 220–221
vs. legitimacy. See legitimacy; vs. political authority
political institutions, 2
politicians, 17
pollution problem, 44–45, 48, 57, 59
possible worlds, 28, 32, 94, 96, 110–112, 118, 157, 204–205
poverty, 68, 155
power, 217
practical requirements, 133
pragmatic concerns, 204
prison abolition, 11
private property. See property rights
pro-attitudes, 62
probability, 217
conditional, 182, 184–185, 189–190, 192
objective vs. subjective, 186–187
production, 155
promises, 125, 128
promissory obligations. See obligations; promissory
propertarianism, 136–138
property rights, 2, 4, 8, 18, 53, 56, 82–83, 95, 122, 133, 134–138, 141, 144–145, 152, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159–164, 166, 167, 168, 170, 222
anarchist rejection of, 3, 5, 7, 11, 18, 21, 49, 52, 56, 65, 91, 92, 96–97, 119, 121–122, 132, 142, 143, 146, 148–153, 168, 170, 173, 174, 201, 202
as a form of legitimacy, 5, 121, 122, 129–130, 132, 134, 135–136, 138–141
based theories of justice. See entitlement theories
benefits of, 94, 104
bundle theory of, 35, 53, 129
collective, 49, 138
full, 3, 26, 32, 52, 97, 164
function of, 139–140
in land vs. objects, 131–132
initial acquisition of. See initial appropriation
intellectual property, 52–53
legal, 136, 139, 156
proporitionality, 210
protection agencies, 7, 140, 212–213
Proudhon, Pierre-Joseph, 1, 152
prudence, 155, 195–196, 209, 210
prudential choice argument. See argument from prudential choice
prudential contextualism, 192, 193, 195–196, 199, 201
punishment, 209
race case, 39
racism, 11
Railton, Peter, 45
Rawls, John, 74, 79, 223
reactive attitudes, 60
Reclus, Elisée, 1
rectification, 153
redistribution, 18, 52, 68, 85, 86, 109, 156, 161–162, 164, 165, 167, 175, 176, 179, 188, 189, 190–191, 195, 203
of organs, 32, 42, 55, 66, 99, 100, 101
reductio ad absurdum, 18, 84, 165–168, 198, 201
reflective equilibrium, 31, 79–80, 87, 155, 157
regulations, 135, 149, 203, 206, 210, 212, 213, 214
religious believers, 46
republicanism, 77–79, 80
resentment, 60, 64
respect, 75
responsibility, 80, 84, 91, 92, 146–148, 157, 169, 170, 175, 176–177, 178, 179, 187, 195–196, 197, 200
counterfactual analyses of, 115
and foreseeability, 181–182
holding responsible, 51, 85–86, 117, 169, 174–175, 176, 180, 185, 186, 196, 200, 201
moral, 110–111, 112, 113–115, 117
nonexistence comparison test, 110–113, 114, 146–147
emended version of, 114–115
restrictiveness objection. See self-ownership; anarchist self-ownership; restrictiveness objection to
Right, the, 16–17, 86
rights
to advantage, 178
of animals, 11, 34, 36
to assistance/rescue. See obligations; to rescue
of children, 11, 34, 36, 93, 116–120
conditional. See obligations; conditional
distributive. See distributive claims
enforcement of, 206, 208, 215, 222
permission to enforce, 211, 212
power to enforce, 210–211
equality of, 152, 171–173, 202
forfeiture of, 33, 34, 53–54, 86, 158, 170, 171, 177, 178–179, 180, 181, 184, 186, 191, 192–193, 194, 195
identical, 171–172
infringements on, 33, 37, 38, 39–48, 56–57, 59–60, 62–63, 73, 117, 156, 169, 172, 178
infringements vs. violations, 60
legal, 208, see also property rights; legal
power to transfer, 26, 32, 34, 37, 53, 54, 129, 136, 166–167
power to waive, 25, 31–32, 34, 37, 54, 61, 62, 63, 83, 96–97, 99, 101, 115, 118, 128, 129, 142, 148, 171
conditional, 144–146
pro tanto, 220
property. See property rights
symmetrical, 171, 172
violations of, 211, 214, 216–217
will theories of, 97
Risse, Mathias, 18, 160
Rocker, Rudolf, 1
Roemer, John, 51
Rojavan revolution, 11
Rose, Carol, 36, 103
Rothbard, Murray, 26, 37, 45, 68, 93, 153, 171
roulette wheel case, 196
rules. See edicts
scarcity, 94, 97, 145, 152, 167
scavenger case, 157
Schmidtz, David, 94, 104, 140
scientific theories, 79
secrets case, 133
security companies. See protection agencies
security provision, 212–214, see also markets; security
Segall, Shlomi, 187
self-appropriation. See initial appropriation; self-appropriation
self-defense, 33, 210
self-development, 21
self-ownership, 3, 49, 50, 55, 56–57, 98, 101, 116–117, 119–120, 141–146, 154, 173, 202, 203
acquisition of. See initial appropriation; self-appropriation
anarchist self-ownership, 37–49, 55–65, 92, 93, 98, 99, 101–103, 117, 119, 142, 144, 146, 148, 153, 154, 160, 172, 202
permissiveness objection to, 56–58, 65
restrictiveness objection to, 59, 65
weak version of, 144, 145
classical interpretation of, 37, 42, 44, 46–47, 59, 60, 65, 100, 101–102, 103, 142
grounds of, 120
native vs. acquired, 33–37, 143–144
self-ownership thesis, 3, 19, 32–33, 37–49, 55–65, 91, 92–93, 123, 142–143
grounds of, 98, 103
self-sovereignty, 142, 144, 146, 147–148
revised consent theory of, 147
Sen, Amartya, 171
separateness of persons argument, 74–77, 80
sex, 33
sex work, 146
sexism, 11
shares
appropriate, 52, 54, 64
entitlement to, 166
equal, 84, 86, 155, 160, 170, 172, 175, 183, 200
fair, 121
just, 51–52, 165, 214
Simmons, A. John, 23–24, 64, 81, 82, 84, 122, 132–133, 138, 150–151, 203, 221
simplicity
evaluative, 111
parsimony, 45, 116
syntactic, 45, 112
slavery, 33, 165
moral slavery. See moral slavery
Slice and Patch case, 194
Smart, J. J. C., 75
Smith, Holly M., 63
Sobel, David, 45, 55
social anarchism, 3–4, 6, 91, 92, 116, 119–120, 142, 152, 162, 169, 173, 176, 177, 201–204, 205, 223
coherence of, 6, 14–15, 49, 65, 91, 92, 98, 102, 120, 202
explication of, 22–41, 49–55
as moral theory, 1–2
plausibility of, 15
practical use of, 16–20
social design, 17
social insurance, 68, 80
social structures, 217
socialism, 1, 21, 49, 144, 202
core tenets of, 13, 51
relation between theory and practice, 16–17
socialist minarchism, 203
socialist philosophers, 4
vs. anarchism. See anarchism; vs. socialism
Socialist Party, the, 21
solicitation, 59–61, 63, 64–65
Spafford, Jesse, 120, 135, 144
Spencer, Herbert, 171
sphere case, 106, 107–108
spiteful destroyer case, 84, 86, 156, 173, 175, 180
Spooner, Lysander, 8
stakes. See luck egalitarianism; stakes of
state of nature, 152
state planning, 11
statehood, analysis of, 6, 22, 204–216
states, 1–2, 3, 6–7, 8, 22–23, 25, 68, 81, 122–123, 124, 126, 135, 136–137, 149–150, 202, 203–223
abolition of, 6, 10, 17, 203–204, 205, 206, 212, 214, 216–217, see also political anarchism
justified, 218–220
state authorization, 209–211
vs. property owners, 138–141
statism, 6, 205, 217, 219, 221, 223
Steiner, Hillel, 4, 33, 37, 45, 50, 153, 171
Stemplowska, Zofia, 175, 178
suberogation, 70
subordination, 138
Sumner, William, 68
Sun, the, 131
supererogation, 70
surgeon case, 105, 107
surrogacy, 146
tactics, 17
tax cheat case, 134
taxation, 4, 121, 179
taxpayers, 68
Taylor, Robert S., 37
telemarketing, 60, 62–63
Temkin, Larry, 51, 176, 181
tennis court case, 132–134
tennis racket case, 51–52
territory, 122–123, 127–132, 135–139, 140, 205, 209, 212, see also land
transfer of, 140–141
Thaysen, Jens Damgaard, 175, 197–201
theft, 213
theoretical role, 104–105, 107, 113
theoretical virtues, 13, 15, 45, 48, 60, 65–66, 67, 79, 143, 146, 185, 223
Thomson, Judith Jarvis, 24, 26, 33, 37, 42, 44, 70, 220
threats, 210
touching, analysis of, 46–47
trade unions, 11, 21
transfers. See redistribution and exchange and rights; power to transfer and justice; in appropriation and transfer
trespass, 37
trespasser case, 222
Trolley Problem cases, 42–44
Tucker, Benjamin, 8
tyrants, 68, 74
United States Federal Government, 131, 205, 206–208, 211, 213, 214, 216
utilitarianism, 74–76, 87, 223
vs. deontology, 75
Vallentyne, Peter, 4, 37, 45, 50, 51, 163, 187, 209
van der Vossen, Bas, 27, 45, 83, 104, 133, 135, 138, 153
van Hees, Martin, 171
Van Parijs, Philippe, 4
veganism, 11
violence, 150, 206–207, 209–211, 214, 222
monopoly on, 205, 207, 209, 212
voluntariness, 72, 212, 214
von Mises, Ludwig, 68, 80
voters, 68
Waldron, Jeremy, 26
war, 11
waterfall pollution case, 96
Weber, Max, 205–206, 207, 209
WEDA, 179, 187, 190–194, 195, 196, 197, 199–201, 202
welfare, 4, 27, 50, 71, 159–160
well-being, 68, 121
objective list theory of, 71
Wendt, Fabian, 209, 210–211, 217–223
White supremacy, 11
Wilson, Charlotte, 1
Wilt Chamberlain argument, 165–168
Wolff, Robert Paul, 82, 203
work. See labor
youth liberation. See rights; of children
Zapatistas, 11
Zimmerman, Michael J., 63
Zwolinski, Matt, 45, 66

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  • Index
  • Jesse Spafford, Victoria University of Wellington
  • Book: Social Anarchism and the Rejection of Moral Tyranny
  • Online publication: 19 October 2023
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009375429.010
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  • Index
  • Jesse Spafford, Victoria University of Wellington
  • Book: Social Anarchism and the Rejection of Moral Tyranny
  • Online publication: 19 October 2023
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009375429.010
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  • Index
  • Jesse Spafford, Victoria University of Wellington
  • Book: Social Anarchism and the Rejection of Moral Tyranny
  • Online publication: 19 October 2023
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009375429.010
Available formats
×