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Human metapneumovirus infection in the cardiac paediatric ICU before and during COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective cohort analysis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 August 2022

Nicolas Leister Open the ORCID record for Nicolas Leister [Opens in a new window] ,
Simone Commotio ,
Christoph Menzel ,
Sirin Yücetepe ,
Christoph Ulrichs ,
Stefanie Wendt ,
Christoph Dedden ,
Uwe Trieschmann Open the ORCID record for Uwe Trieschmann [Opens in a new window]  and
Tobias Hannes
Nicolas Leister*
Affiliation:
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Germany
Simone Commotio
Affiliation:
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Germany
Christoph Menzel
Affiliation:
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Germany
Sirin Yücetepe
Affiliation:
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Germany
Christoph Ulrichs
Affiliation:
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Germany
Stefanie Wendt
Affiliation:
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Germany
Christoph Dedden
Affiliation:
Department of Paediatric Cardiology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Germany
Uwe Trieschmann
Affiliation:
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Germany
Tobias Hannes
Affiliation:
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Germany Department of Paediatric Cardiology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Germany Department of Neonatology and Paediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Asklepios Children’s Hospital St. Augustin, Sankt Augustin, Germany
*
Author for correspondence: Dr med. Nicolas Leister, MD, DESA, MHBA, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Street 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany. Tel: +49 (0) 221 478 82058. E-mail: nicolas.leister@uk-koeln.de
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Abstract

Introduction:

This study investigates the hygiene standards in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and their impact on the perioperative incidence of human metapneumovirus as well as the typical symptom burden of human metapneumovirus-infected children with CHDs.

Materials and methods:

Between March 2018 and July 2021, all patients of a cardiac paediatric ICU of a German university hospital were included in this retrospective cohort analysis.

Results:

A total of 589 patients with CHD were included in the analysis. Three hundred and fifty-two patients (148 females and 204 males) were admitted before the introduction of social distancing and face masks between March 2018 and 15 April 2020 (cohort A). Two hundred and thirty-seven patients (118 females and 119 males) were admitted after the introduction between April 16 and July 2021 (cohort B). In cohort A, human metapneumovirus was detected in 11 out of 352 patients (3.1%) during their stay at cardiac paediatric ICU. In cohort B, one patient out of 237 (0.4%) tested positive for human metapneumovirus. Patients who tested positive for human metapneumovirus stayed in cardiac paediatric ICU for a median of 17.5 days (range, 2–45 days). Patients without a detected human metapneumovirus infection stayed in the cardiac paediatric ICU for a median of 4 days (range, 0.5–114 days). Nine out of 12 (75%) human metapneumovirus-positive patients showed atelectasis.

Conclusion:

Perioperative human metapneumovirus infections prolong cardiac paediatric ICU stay in children with CHD. In affected patients, pulmonary impairment with typical symptoms appears. Under certain circumstances, a complication-rich perioperative infection with human metapneumovirus could be prevented in paediatric cardiac high-risk patients by prophylactic hygiene intervention.

Keywords

Paediatric cardiac intensive carehuman metapneumovirusCOVID-19 pandemicCHDsAtelectasisindividual hygiene standards
Type
Original Article
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 33 , Issue 9 , September 2023 , pp. 1517 - 1522
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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