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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 07 December 2021
Siguiendo una línea de análisis interdisciplinario se presentan los resultados en relación con la dieta y la movilidad en la zona arreica del norte de Chile durante el periodo Intermedio tardío (900-1450 dC). Se propone evaluar el cementerio sincrónico Pica-8 por su situación como un nodo intermedio entre el altiplano y el litoral. Representa a una población agraria orientada al cultivo tropical-semitropical en un oasis sustentado en vertientes con especialidad maicera y artesanías de alta complejidad. Con el objetivo de caracterizar a la población de Pica-8 se evaluaron diferentes líneas de evidencias: fechados radiocarbónicos, isótopos estables para el estudio de dieta y movilidad, y sus relaciones con los contextos funerarios. Los resultados presentan una alta variabilidad en la dieta de grupos que consumen recursos mixtos marinos y terrestres, además de maíz. Se reporta la presencia de objetos no locales que sugiere que Pica efectivamente actuó como un punto intermedio entre el litoral y el altiplano. No se observa ninguna relación entre el ajuar funerario y la dieta. Se sugiere que bajo un contexto de armonía social las poblaciones de la costa y el oasis de Pica estuvieron en contacto permanente.
We present the results of interdisciplinary research on the topic of diet and mobility in the arheic zone of northern Chile during the Late Intermediate period (AD 900–1450), based on the study of the Pica-8 cemetery. A strategic location between the Altiplano and the coast, Pica-8 was used by an agrarian population that grew tropical and semitropical species of plants, especially maize, and engaged in highly sophisticated craft production. During the development of the Pica-Tarapacá complex, resources moved between inland oases and the coast, based on the evidence of marine species found in the valleys and vice versa. We describe the Pica-8 population using radiocarbon dates and stable isotope analysis to gain insight into diet and mobility. We also consider the relationship between diet, mobility, and funerary contexts. Results demonstrate that diet was quite variable, with groups eating a mix of marine and terrestrial resources, as well as maize. The presence of nonlocal objects suggests that Pica acted as a contact point between the coast and the Altiplano. No relationship was found between funerary context and diet. We conclude that coastal and Pica oasis populations were in permanent contact and that their relations were characterized by social harmony.