Vincenzo Sciandra: Untiteled, Mixed media, 1998.

Since its origins in the 20th century, Outsider art has always been a global phenomenon (Rhodes, Reference Rhodes2012), difficult to define with a clear stylistic label. It was born in asylums through the action of self-taught artists, and it now includes works created by people who suffered from a multiplicity of conditions. The common feature of all Outsider art productions is its independence from the official art system, which is often due to the artists' indifference to this world, but also to the difficulty they experienced in accessing the traditional channels of training, production and art consumption. Nowadays, Outsider art's spaces of practice and production have become a reality, growing ceaselessly all over the world. In Italy, one of the most famous organizations is Atelier Adriano e Michele, founded in 1996 at the psychiatric rehabilitation centre Fatebenefratelli in San Colombano al Lambro, in Milan. In this issue of EPS, we chose to outline the critical sketch of Vincenzo Sciandra, a historic artist of Atelier Adriano e Michele, as a starting point to examine the present development of the art that was born in treatment centres after the shutdown of mental institutions. Few facts about the artist's life are known. Between 1983 and 2006, the year when he died (Tosatti, Reference Tosatti1997), he lived at Hospital Fatebenefratelli of San Colombano al Lambro, and from 1996, he was permanently involved in the activity of Atelier Adriano e Michele. All the other data reported by the author are to be considered untrustworthy and cannot be used to make a truthful reconstruction of his biography; the issue of identity is indeed the very cornerstone of the artist's own poetics. Especially in his first works, Sciandra used his identity card and customized it by writing on it disorganized fragments of prose and poetry, long lists of names that he had drawn from the news, from literature and comics or that he had completely made up. The work carried out by this artist is a ‘squared’, ‘gentle’ genre of performance (Tansella, Reference Tansella2011). The ‘visual sounds scratched out with unpronounceable letters’ (Bedoni & Tosatti, Reference Bedoni and Tosatti2000) are pushing each other to release them beyond the margin of the document and seem to share the same ritual obsession of voodoo practices. Sciandra's swerve, compared with the performances of the sixties and seventies, is made in terms of lightness, not a conceptual, but a material one. The elimination of the author's effective body presence from the action field and its substitution with its projections on the document, releases the operation from violent and provocative charge, typical of the early days of the Body art movement. The boundless, anarchic writing of names highlights the fragility of that unique piece of paper, to which we commit the official certification of our uniqueness and existence. Bobby Sands, Gagarin, Sandro Skarlatta, Skillinger, Clark Kent, Lombardini Angelo and all the others, considered as the author's doppelgängers or alter egos, are all demanding the same right to exist. Image and word meet in Sciandra's papers, finding a new variation compared with the early 20th century solutions and proving that the history of art always recurs cyclically, although never with the same pattern.