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Chapter 1 - Chemical and Behavioral Addictions

New Perspectives and Challenges

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 February 2024

By
Kris Baetens ,
Falk Kiefer ,
Arnt Schellekens  and
Geert Dom
Edited by
Andrea Fiorillo ,
Peter Falkai  and
Philip Gorwood
Andrea Fiorillo
Affiliation:
University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples
Peter Falkai
Affiliation:
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Philip Gorwood
Affiliation:
Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris
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Summary

Substance use and substance use disorders (SUD) are highly (and increasing) prevalent both as single disorders and within the context of complex psychiatric and somatic comorbidities. In parallel with the impact of these disorders, research on addictive processes has significantly expanded in recent decades. However, several challenges remain to be addressed on multiple levels. Within the context of continuing evolution of new (illicit and prescription) drugs of abuse and changes in the growing field of behavioral (nonchemical) addictions (gambling, gaming), the epidemiological situation is rapidly changing. On the level of disorder conceptualization and underlying pathogenetic mechanisms many challenges remain to be addressed, impacting a broad spectrum from legislation and public mental health issues to underlying neurobiological processes such as neuroimmune mechanisms and microbiome, and cognitive dimensions. These provide new targets of therapeutic approaches such as neuromodulation, personalized pharmacotherapy, and contingency management.

Keywords

substance use disorderbehavioral addictionsneuroimmune mechanismsneuromodulationopioid epidemicpersonalized interventionscognitive
Type
Chapter
Information
Mental Health Research and Practice
From Evidence to Experience
 , pp. 1 - 18
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2024

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