Published online by Cambridge University Press: 10 February 2023
This article examines how musical practices in 1970s Spain formed ways of imagining democracy and how they participated in the wider social struggle to define freedom and equality for the final years of Franco's dictatorship and its immediate aftermath. I shall analyse two case studies: a large-scale experimental art festival held in the streets of Pamplona in 1972 and a grassroots musical collective created in 1973 on the initiative of the composer Llorenç Barber. Drawing on previous studies on the relationship between music and democracy, participatory art and the politics of spectatorship, and the insights of political science and philosophy into democracy, I offer a critical reassessment of the Pamplona festival and explore the relationship between grassroots collaboration and ideas of participatory democracy, and analyse the significance of this relationship in 1970s Spain.
I would like to thank Robert Adlington for his valuable feedback and comments on earlier versions of this article. Research for this article was funded by a British Academy Postdoctoral Fellowship (PF2\180029). This work has been carried out within the framework of the research project ‘Música y danza en los procesos socioculturales, identitarios y políticos del segundo franquismo y la transición (1959–1978)’, funded by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (Proyecto de I+D+i RETOS, RTI2018-093436-B-I00). I am grateful to the two principal investigators, Gemma Pérez Zalduondo (Universidad de Granada) and Germán Gan Quesada (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona), for inviting me to be part of the project.
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