In this paper, we study the following non-local problem:

This model, proposed by T. Nagylaki, describes the evolution of two alleles under the joint action of selection, migration, and partial panmixia – a non-local term, for the complete dominance case, where g(x) is assumed to change sign at least once to reflect the diversity of the environment. First, properties for general non-local problems are studied. Then, existence of non-trivial steady states, in terms of the diffusion coefficient d and the partial panmixia rate b, is obtained under different signs of the integral ∫Ωg(x)dx. Furthermore, stability and instability properties for non-trivial steady states, as well as the trivial steady states u ≡ 0 and u ≡ 1 are investigated. Our results illustrate how the non-local term – namely, the partial panmixia – helps the migration in this model.

This paper establishes the existence of smooth solutions for the Doi–Edwards rheological model of viscoelastic polymer fluids in shear flows. The problem turns out to be formally equivalent to a K-BKZ equation but with constitutive functions spanning beyond the usual mathematical framework. We prove, for small enough initial data, that the solution remains in the domain of hyperbolicity of the equation for all t≥0.

We consider a viscoelastic body occupying a smooth bounded domain $\Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^3$ under the effect of a volumic traction force g . The macroscopic displacement vector from the equilibrium configuration is denoted by u. Inertial effects are considered; hence, the equation for u contains the second-order term u tt . On a part ΓD of the boundary of Ω, the body is fixed and no displacement may occur; on a second part Γ N ⊂ ∂Ω, the body can move freely; on a third portion Γ C ⊂ ∂Ω, the body is in adhesive contact with a solid support. The boundary forces acting on ΓC due to the action of elastic stresses are responsible for delamination, i.e., progressive failure of adhesive bonds. This phenomenon is mathematically represented by a non-linear ordinary differential equation settled on ΓC and describing the evolution of the delamination order parameter z. Following the lines of a new approach outlined in Bonetti et al. (2015, arXiv:1503.01911) and based on duality methods in Sobolev–Bochner spaces, we define a suitable concept of weak solution to the resulting system of partial differential equations. Correspondingly, we prove an existence result on finite-time intervals of arbitrary length.

We analyse the survival time of a general duplex system sustained by an auxiliary cold standby unit and subjected to priority rules. The duplex system is attended by two general repairmen Rp and Rh . Repairman Rp has priority in repairing failed units with regard to repairman Rh provided that both repairmen are jointly idle. Otherwise, the priority is overruled. The auxiliary unit has its own repair facility. The duplex system has overall, break-in priority (often called pre-emptive priority) in operation and in standby with regard to the auxiliary unit. The analysis of the survival time is based on advanced complex function theory (sectionally holomorphic functions). The main problem is to convert a functional equation into a (parameter dependent) Sokhotski–Plemelj problem.

In this paper, we study two PDEs that generalize the urban crime model proposed by Short et al. (2008 Math. Models Methods Appl. Sci.18, 1249–1267). Our modifications are made under assumption of the spatial heterogeneity of both the near-repeat victimization effect and the dispersal strategy of criminal agents. We investigate pattern formations in the reaction–advection–diffusion systems with non-linear diffusion over multi-dimensional bounded domains subject to homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions. It is shown that the positive homogeneous steady state loses its stability as the intrinsic near-repeat victimization rate ε decreases and spatially inhomogeneous steady states emerge through bifurcation. Moreover, we find the wavemode selection mechanism through rigorous stability analysis of these non-trivial spatial patterns, which shows that the only stable pattern must have a wavenumber that maximizes the bifurcation value. Based on this wavemode selection mechanism, we will be able to predict the formation of stable aggregates of the house attractiveness and criminal population density, at least when the diffusion rate ε is around the principal bifurcation value. Our theoretical results also suggest that large domains support more stable aggregates than small domains. Finally, we perform extensive numerical simulations over 1D intervals and 2D squares to illustrate and verify our theoretical findings. Our numerics also demonstrate the formation of other interesting patterns in these models such as the merging of two interior spikes and the emerging of new spikes, etc. These non-trivial solutions can model the well-observed phenomenon of aggregation in urban criminal activities.