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Glaciological Literature

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 January 2017

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Journal of Glaciology , Volume 3 , Issue 23 , 1958 , pp. 230 - 234
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Copyright © International Glaciological Society 1958

This selected list of glaciological literature has been prepared by J. W. Glen with the assistance of T. H. Ellison, W. B. Harland, Miss D. M. Johnson, G. T. Warwick and the Staff of the Scott Polar Research Institute. Its field is the scientific study of snow and ice and of their effects on the earth; for the literature on polar expeditions, and also on the “applied” aspects of glaciology, such as snow ploughs, readers should consult the bibliographies in each issue of the Polar Record. For Russian material the system of transliteration used is that agreed by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names and the Permanent Committee on Geographical Names for British Official Use in 1947. Readers can greatly assist by sending reprints of their publications to the Society, or by informing Dr. Glen of publications of glaciological interest.

References

General Glaciology

[International Geophysical Year, 1957–58.] The United Kingdom contribution to the International Geophysical Year 1957–58. London, Royal Society, 1957. 72 p. 10s. [Historical background, present programme and station lists. Establishment and programme of Halley Bay base.]Google Scholar
Jones, Sir H. S. The International Geophysical Year. Proceedings of the Royal Institution of Great Britain, Vol. 36, Part 1, No.162, 1956, p. 172–89. [Full exposition of aims and general plans of International Geophysical Year by General Editor of Publications of the Special Committee of the I.G.Y.]Google Scholar
Lebedev, V. L. Antarktika [The Antarctic]. Moscow, Gosudarstvennoye Izdatel’stvo Geograflcheskoy Literatury [State Publishing House for Geographical Literature], 1957. 192p. [Physical geography: land ice, sea ice, climate, flora and fauna, oceanography.]Google Scholar
Taylor, A. Physical geography of the Queen Elizabeth Islands, Canada. New York, American Geographical Society, 1956. 12 vols. (Contract No.Nonr-1070 (00).) [Vol. 1: introduction; geology. Vol. 2: glaciology. Vols. 3–10: physiography. Vol. 11: bibliography. Vol. 12: maps.]Google Scholar

Glaciological Instruments and Methods

Ashburn, E. V., and others. Narrow pass band albedometer, by E. V. Ashburn, C. P. Pentoney, Z. W. Hohanshelt and R. G. Weldon. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 27, No. 2, 1956, p. 90–91. [Instrument to determine variation of albedo with wavelength.]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robin, G. de Q. Measurement of ice thickness in polar regions. Times Science Review, Spring 1957, p. 13–14. [Technique of refraction and reflection shooting.]Google Scholar
Skjöldebrand, R. An infrared spectrophotometer and its use for the isotopic analysis of heavy water. Applied Scientific Research, Sect. B, Vol. 5, No. 5, 1956, p. 401–08. [Fast and accurate method for determining D2O concentration in H2O.]CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Physics of Ice

Alpert, L. Crystallization of supercooled water by ultrasonic irradiation. Journal of Meteorology, Vol. 13, No. 3, 1956, p. 317–18. [Brief review.]Google Scholar
Bowden, F. P. Adhesion and friction. Endeavour, Vol. 16, No. 61, 1957, p. 5–18. [Includes results of experiments on adhesion and friction of ice and snow.]Google Scholar
Brill, R. Camp, P. Influence of pressure on the dielectric properties of ice. Nature, Vol. 179, No. 4560, 1957, p. 623–24. [Experiments show that a small change takes place.]Google Scholar
Carte, A. E. The freezing of water droplets. Proceedings of the Physical Society, Ser. B, Vol. 69, No. 442B, 1956, p. 1028–37. [Observations of supercooling of small droplets.]Google Scholar
Green, R. E. jr. Mackinnon, L. Determination of the elastic constants of ice single crystals by an ultrasonic pulse method. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol. 28, No. 6, 1956, p. 1292. [Measurement of c 33 and c 44.]Google Scholar
Jaffray, J. Montmory, R. Congélation orientée de l’eau surfondue sur des surfaces cristallines:1° cas du mica muscovite. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de l’Académie des Sciences, Tom. 243, No. 2, 1956, p. 126–29. [Orientation relation between lattices of ice and mica onto which it is frozen.]Google Scholar
Krűger, G. J. Magun, S. “Negative” Schneekristalle. Photographie und Forschung, Ht. 8, 1955, 8p. [Development of “negative” crystals in ice called by Tyndall “Ice flowers” and formerly by Germans “Tyndallsche Schmelzflguren”.]Google Scholar
Lavrov, V. V. Vyazkost’ l’da v zavisimosti ot temperatury [Temperature dependence of ice viscosity]. Zhurnal Tekhnicheskoy Fiziki [Journal of Technical Physics], Tom 17, No. 9, 1947, p. 1027–34. [Laboratory experiments, paying special attention to crystalline structure of ice. English translation: SIPREE Translation No. 5.]Google Scholar
Nissan, A. H. Hydrogen-bond strength of ice. Nature, Vol. 178, No. 4547, 1956, p. 1411–12. [Probable value of hydrogen bond energy estimated for ice and water.]Google Scholar
Pruppacher, H. R. Sänger, R. Mechanismus der Vereisung unterkühlter Wassertropfen durch disperse Keimsubstanzen. ZeitschrlffIfäir Angewandte Mathematik und Physik, Vol. 6, Fasc. 5, 1955, p. 407–16; Fasc. 6, 1955, p. 485–93. [Experiments on the freezing of droplets in the presence of various nucleating substances and discussion of theory of nucleation. English summaries p. 416, 493.]Google Scholar
Rundle, R. E. The structure of ice. Journal of Physical Chemistry, Vol. 59, No. 8, 1355, p. 680–82. [Discussion of the question of whether ice has a polar or non-polar structure.]Google Scholar

Land Ice. Glaciers. Ice shelves

Abel, G. Salisburgo, il paese delle grotte di ghiaccio. Atti del VII Congresso Nationale di Speleologia, Sardegna, 3–8 Ottobre 1955. [Como, 1956], p. 256–62. [Short account of ice-caves in the Salzburg District, Austria.]Google Scholar
Avsyuk, G. A. Temperatura I’da v lednikakh [Temperature of ice in glaciers]. Trudy Instituta Geografii [Transactions of the Institute of Geography], Vypusk 67, 1956, p. 63–141. [Author distinguishes five types of glacier by temperature regime; expanded version of his paper in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR. Seriya Geograficheskaya, 1955, No. 1, p. 14–31.]Google Scholar
Brockamp, B. Seismische Beobachtungen des grönländischen Inlandeises. Berichte des Meteorologisch-Geophysikalischen Institutes zu Frankfurt a.M. und seines Taunus-Observatoriums, No. 6, 1956, p. 18–24. [Discussion of the importance of seismic techniques in solving various problems of ice cover.]Google Scholar
Bugayev, V. A. Na lednike Fedchenko [On the Fedchenko glacier]. Leningrad, Gidrometeorologicheskoye Izdatel’stvo [Hydrological and Meteorological Publishing House], 1948. 48p. [Investigation of this glacier in Pamirs since its discovery, with special reference to author’s expedition of 1946.]Google Scholar
[Canada: Glaciology.] Glaciological research in western Canada in 1956. Canadian Alpine Journal, Vol. 40, 1957, p. 96–98. [On British Columbian glaciers; some results of depth and flow measurements given.]Google Scholar
Coox, J. C. Some observations in a northwest Greenland crevasse. Transactions. American Geophysical Union, Vol. 37, No. 6, 1956, p. 715–18. [Results of 1955 studies.]Google Scholar
Hubley, R. C. An analysis of surface energy during the ablation season on Lemon Creek Glacier, Alaska. Transactions. American Geophysical Union, Vol. 38, No. 1, 1957, p. 68–85. [Results of studies 1953–54. Turbulent transfer of energy the most important factor in causing ablation.]Google Scholar
Hubley, R. C. Glacier studies during the International Geophysical Year, 1957–58. American Alpine Journal, Vol. 10, No. 2, 1957, p. 97–101. [Importance of data to be collected on glacier fluctuation, meteorology, etc.]Google Scholar
Liestøl, O. Glacier dammed lakes in Norway. Norsk Geografsk Tidsskrift, Bd. 15, Ht. 3–4, 1955–56, p. 122–49. [Regime and development of Mjølkedalavatn, Demmevatn, Skadevatn, Brimkjelen, Koldevatn, Blomsterskardvatnet, and lakes at Østerdalsisen and Strupskardet.]Google Scholar
Lliboutry, L. La mécanique des glaciers en particulier au voisinage de leur front. Annales de Géophysique, Tom. 12, Fase. 4, 1956, p. 245–76. [Theory of glacier flow in particular near the snout; includes criticisms of Nye’s theories on flow and crevasse formation.]Google Scholar
Magnani, M. Glacialismo, depósitos glaciales y fenómenos periglaciales en la región de Santa Cruz: observaciones 1947–1955—(1). Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicas y Naturales, Año 17, Nos. 3–4, 1955, 11p. [Present glacier cover, glacial deposits and periglacial features in the Santa Cruz territory of Argentina.]Google Scholar
Manley, G. Glaciers and the changing climate. New Scientist, No. 17, 1957, p. 33–35. [Climatic change as shown by behaviour of glaciers; the International Geophysical Year and its plans in this connexion.]Google Scholar
Mel’nik, Yu. P. Lednik Shkhel’dy. Priroda [Nature], 1957, No. 5, p. 113. [Description of glacier in central Caucasus.]Google Scholar
Nadai, A. Forces that move a glacier. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 27, No. 11, 1956, p. 1386–87. [Uses a linear viscous law.]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nielsen, L. E. Preliminary study on the regimen and movement of the Taku Glacier, Alaska. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, Vol. 68, No. 2, 1957, p. 171–80. [Measurements of surface velocity and of accumulation and ablation.]Google Scholar
Nielsen, L. E. Stockton, F. D. Flow patterns in glacier ice. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 27, No. 11, 1956, p. 1386. [Generalization suggested by Ronald L. Shreve to the paper by the same authors, ibid., Vol. 27, No. 5, 1956, p. 448–53.]Google Scholar
Norling, G. Glaciärsommar i Sarek. Svenska Turistföreningens Årsskrift, 1956, p. 289–308. [Investigations of Mikka and Tjågnoris glaciers (Sarek area), north Sweden, 1954.]Google Scholar
Odell, N. E. Air survey of the New Zealand Alps. Geographical Journal, Vol. 122, Part 4, 1956, p. 451–55. [Account of geological reconnaissance, April 1956, with special reference to glaciers.]Google Scholar
Okko, V. Sulavan jäätikönreunan geomorfologisesta työstä. Terra, Årg. 69, No. 1, 1957, p. 12–20. [Geomorpho.logical effects of melting glacier margins. English summary.]Google Scholar
Schytt, V. Bilder från grönländska isar. Ymer, Årg. 76, Ht. 2, 1956, p. 101–20. [Pictures of characteristic glaciological phenomena, east of Thule airbase, north Greenland. Explanatory text. English summary.]Google Scholar
Schytt, V. Lateral drainage channels along the northern side of the Moltke Glacier, north-west Greenland. Geografiska Annaler, Årg. 38, Ht. 1, 1956, p. 64–77.Google Scholar
Sharp, R. P. Glaciers in the Arctic. Arctic, Vol. 9, Nos. 1–2, 1956, p. 78–117. [Size, nature and distribution.]Google Scholar
Shumskty, P. A. Issledovaniye lednikovogo pokrova Antarktidy [Investigation of the ice cover of Antarctica]. Priroda [Nature], 1957, No. 7, p. 84–87. [Brief results of Soviet glaciological journey inland from Mirnyy in early 1957.]Google Scholar
Washburn, A. L. Unusual patterned ground in Greenland. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, Vol. 67, No. 6, 1956, p. 807–10.[Description and tentative interpretation of sorted net resting on clear glacier ice.]Google Scholar
White, S. E. Glaciological studies of two outlet glaciers, northwest Greenland, 1953. Meddelelser om Gronland, Bd. 137, Nr. 8, 1956, 31p. [Nordre Tvillinggietscher, Søndre Tvillinggletscher, about 50 km. north-east of Dundas (former Thule).]Google Scholar

Icebergs. Sea, river and lake ice

Armstrong, T. E. Sea ice recording and reporting methods. Ottawa, Defence Research Board, 1955. 53p. [Survey and recommendations.]Google Scholar
Black, W. A. A report on sea ice conditions in the Eastern Arctic, summer 1956. Ottawa, Department of Mines and Technical Surveys, Geographical Branch, 1957. [32] p. 50 c. (Miscellaneous Papers Series. Geographical Paper No. 9.) [Ice reconnaissance survey carried out summer 1956 from supply ship C.G.S. d’Iberville.]Google Scholar
Blüthgen, J. Die Eisuerhaltnisse der Kustengewässer von Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Remagen, Selbsterverlag der Bundesanstalt für Landeskunde, 1954. 142p. D.M. 14.50. (Forschungen zur Deutschen Landeskunde, Bd. 85.) [Present and past ice conditions on Baltic coasts of Mecklenburg.]Google Scholar
Crary, A. P. Arctic ice island research. Advances in Geophysics (New York), Vol. 3, 1956, p. 1–41. [Results of glaciological studies of T-3; results of oceanographic and other observations.]Google Scholar
Crary, A. P., and others. Evidence of climatic change from ice island studies, by A. P. Crary, J. Laurence Kulp and E. W. Marshall. Science, Vol. 122, No. 3181, 1955, p. 1171–73. [Analysis of horizontal dirt layers in cores collected 1952–54 from T-3.]CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ginzburg, B. M. O metodike dolgosrochnykh prognozov zamerzaniya i vskrytiya rek [Method of long-term forecasting of freeze-up and break-up of rivers]. Meteorologiya i Gidrologiya [Meteorology and Hydrology], 1956, No. 2, p. 10–14. [Present methods; recommended lines of future study.]Google Scholar
Hattersley-Smith, G. The rolls on the Ellesmere ice shelf. Arctic, Vol. 10, No. 1, 1957, p. 32–44. [Discussion of origin and evolution of undulations.]Google Scholar
Korzhuyev, S. S. Timofeyev, D. A. Rechnyye bechevniki i rol’ rechnogo l’da v formirovanii ikh mikrorel’yefa (na primere rek yuzhnoy Yakutii) [River banks and the part played by river ice in the formation of their microreliefbased on examples from southern Yakutiya)]. Trudy Instituta Geografii [Transactions of the Institute of Geography], Tom 68, 1956, p. 69–95, illus. [Scouring and other effects of ice on portion of bank between high and low water marks.]Google Scholar
Kurdyukov, K. V. Perenos gornykh porod ozernym l’dom [Transport of rocks by lake ice]. Priroda [Nature], 1957, No. 1, p. 90–92. [Granite blocks transported by ice across Balkhash in Central Asia.]Google Scholar
Lavrov, V. V. K voprosu obrazovaniya vnutrivodnogo l’da [Formation of frazil ice]. Meteorologiya i Gidrologiya [Meteorology and Hydrology], 1957, No. 5, p. 43–45. [Theory of origin.]Google Scholar
Marusenko, Ya. I. Deyatel’nost’ l’da na beregakh rek [Ice action on river banks]. Priroda [Nature], 1956, No. 12, p. 91–93. [Examples from Soviet Arctic.]Google Scholar
Nusser, F. Eine neue internationale Eisnomenklatur. Deutsche Hydrographische Zeitschrift, Jahrg. 9, Ht. 4, 1956, p. 174–82. [German version of World Meteorological Organisation’s ice nomenclature.]Google Scholar
Savchenkova, Ye. I. Ispolzovaniye indeksa atmosfernoy tsirkulyatsii dlya razrabotki dolgosrochnogo prognoza srokov vskrytiya rek [Use of the index of atmospheric circulation for working out long-term forecasts of break-up of river ice]. Meteorologiya i Gidrologiya [Meteorology and Hydrology], 1957, No. 5, p. 34–37. (Correlation between dates of break-up of river ice in north-western U.S.S.R. and type of air circulation in North Atlantic area.]Google Scholar
Schmidt, E. Issensationer. På Skidor, 1957 [pub. 5956], p. 161–66. [Case of sea and lake ice decreasing in thickness during renewed frost (Stockholm).]Google Scholar
Sperling, Walter. Vergleich der Eiserscheinungen in der Memel und der ungarischen Donaustrecke zwischen Budapest und Mohács in den Jahren 1900–1944. Bundesanstalt für Gewösserkunde (Koblenz), Mitteilung Nr. 85, 1957, p. 5–7. [Comparison of ice conditions in the Memel and in the Danube, with days of partial and complete ice blockage in past years.]Google Scholar
[Terminology of Floating Ice.] Antarctic ice terminology: “Iceberg tongues”. Polar Record, Vol. 8, No. 55, 1957, p. 375–76. [Proposed new term.]Google Scholar
[Terminology of Floating Ice.] Illustration of the international ice nomenclature. Hamburg, Fotohaus Friedrich Kunze, 1957. [15] p., 82 photos. [Illustrating terms in World Meteorological Organisation’s ice terminology (1956), with captions in English, French, Spanish and Russian.]Google Scholar
Tresnhikov, A. F. The Soviet drifting station SP-3, 1954–55. Polar Record, Vol. 8, No. 54, 1956, p. 222–29. [Abbreviated version of lecture delivered at Scott Polar Research Institute on 21 April 1956.]Google Scholar
Wordie, Sir J. M. Ice in the Weddell Sea. Marine Observer, Vol. 27, No. 175, 1957, p. 31–33. [Brief review of factors affecting accessibility of Coats Land, Antarctica, through Weddell Sea.]Google Scholar

Glacial Geology

Charlesworth, J. K. The Quaternary era with special reference to its glaciation. London, Edward Arnold, 1957. 2 Vols. [World glaciology and glacial geology; bibliography.]Google Scholar
Flint, R. F. Glacial and Pleistocene geology. New York, John Wiley, [c 1957]. xiv, 553p. [Revised and augmented edition of author’s Glacial geology and the Pleistocene epoch, New York, 1947.]Google Scholar
Gillberg, G. Den glaciala utvecklingen inom Sydsvenska höglandets västra randzon. Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar, Bd. 77, Ht. 4, No. 483, 1955, p. 481–524; Bd. 78, Ht. 2, No. 485, 1956, p. 187–232; Bd. 78, Ht. 3, No.486, 1956, p. 357–458. [Series of papers on the PIeistocene deglactation in south-west Sweden. The first deals with erosion and till accumulation, the second with the geomorphology of accumulation, and the third with the development of glacial lakes. English summaries.]Google Scholar
Glen, J. W., and others. On the mechanism by which stones in till become oriented, by J. W. Glen, J. J. Donner and R. G. West. American Journal of Science, Vol. 255, No. 3, 1957, p. 594–205. [Theory of processes in ice which cause stones in till to have a preferred orientation.]Google Scholar
Harrison, P. W. New technique for three-dimensional fabric analysis of till and englacial debris containing particles from 3 to 40 mm. in size. Journal of Geology, Vol. 65, No. 5, 1957, p. 98–105.Google Scholar
Harrison, P. W. A clay-till fabric: its character and origin. Journal of Geology, Vol. 65, No. 3, 1957, p. 275–308. [Measurement of fabric of till from Illinois, and general discussion of theory of till fabric developments.]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoppe, G. Liljequist, G. H. Det sista nedisningsförloppet i Nordeuropa och dess meteorologiska bakgrund. [1.] Inlandsisen och dess klimatologiska miljö, av G. Hoppe. [2.] Meteorologiska synpunkter på istidsproblemet, av G. H. Liljequist. Ymer, Årg. 76, Ht. 1, 1956, p. 43–74. [Course of last Ice Age in northern Europe and its meteorological background. English summary.]Google Scholar
Ives, J. D. Till patterns in central Labrador. Canadian Geographer, No. 8, 1956, p. 25–33. [Detailed examination of small scale pattern of glacial deposits in area 45 miles south-east of Knob Lake.]Google Scholar
Mackay, J. R. Deformation by glacier-ice at Nicholson Peninsula, N.W.T., Canada. Arctic, Vol. 9, No. 4, 1956, p. 219–28. [Effects discussed. Results of author’s field work, 1955.]Google Scholar
Mercer, J. H. Geomorphology and glacial history of southernmost Baffin Island. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, Vol. 67, No. 5, 1956, p. 553–70. [Special reference to fluctuations of land ice and sea level.]Google Scholar
Schell, I. I. Theory of ice ages. Science, Vol. 125, No. 3241, 1957, p. 235. [Discussion of theory proposed by M. Ewing and W. L. Donn, Science, Vol. 123, No. 3207, 1956, p. 1061–66.]Google Scholar
Thompson, H. R. A landslid moraine in Baffin Island. Canadian Geographer, No. 6, 1955, p. 13–16. [Explanations of debris fan in northern part of Pangnirtung Pass.]Google Scholar
Warwick, G. T. Caves and glaciation—I. Central and southern Pennines and adjacent areas. Transactions of the Cave Research Group of Great Britain, Vol. 4, No. 2, 1956, p. 125–60. [Effect of Pleistocene glaciation on caves is discussed.]Google Scholar

Frost action on rocks and soil. Frozen ground. Permafrost

Brown, R. J. E. Permafrost investigations in the Mackenzie Delta. Canadian Geographer, No. 7, 1956, p. 21–26. [Investigation of conditions at old Aklavik site, 1953–54.]Google Scholar
Brunet, R. Deux processus d’érosion en haute montagne pyrénéenne. Revue de Géomorphologie Dynamique, An, 7, Nos. 9–10, 1956, p. 543–47. [Describes some frost agencies causing erosion, especially of granites.]Google Scholar
Fraser, J. K. Physiographic notes on features in the Mackenzie Delta area. Canadian Geographer, No. 8, 1956, p. 18–23. [Examination of pingo-like features.]Google Scholar
[Frost action and frozen ground: terminology.] Frost and permafrost definitions. (In Factors related to frost action in soils. Washington, D.C., Highway Research Board, 1955, p. 107–10.(Bulletin 111.)) [List of terms prepared by Highway Research Board committee on frost heave and frost action in soil.]Google Scholar
Komarov, V. D. Issledovaniyc vodopronitsayemosti merzloy pochvy [Study of water permeability of frozen soil]. Meteorologaya i Gidrologiya [Meteorology and Hydrology], 1957, No. 2, p. 10–18. [Laboratory experiments to determine effect of variations in moisture content and temperature on permeability.]Google Scholar
Mackay, J. R. Field observation of patterned ground. Canadian Alpine Journal, Vol. 40, 1957, p. 91–96, illus. [Hints to observers on classification, description and field notes.]Google Scholar
Markov, K. K. Some data on the periglacial phenomena in the Antarctic (Preliminary report). (In Accounts and materials of the Complex Antarctic Expedition of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Moscow, USSR Academy of Sciences, 1956, p. 47–54.) [Periglacial features of land forms in Mirnyy region, based on observations in 1955–56.]Google Scholar
Misener, A. D., and others. Heat flow measurements in permafrost at Resolute Bay, Northwest Territories, by A. D. Misener, P. C. Bremner and J. H. Hodgson. Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada, Vol. 50, No. 1, 1956, p. 14–24. [Analysis of temperatures measured in bore holes up to 650 ft. deep, 1950–53.]Google Scholar
Parkhomenko, S. G. Zamerzaniye pochv i rykhlykh gornykh porod [Freezing of soils and friable rocks]. Materialy k Omouam Ucheniya o Merzlykh Zonakh Zemnoy Kory [Materials on the Principles of Study of the Frozen Zones of the Earth’s Crust], Vypusk 3, 1956, p. 40–84. [Physical and mechanical processes of freezing of water in soil.)Google Scholar
Stager, J. K. Progress report on the analysis of the characteristics and distribution of pingos east of the Mackenzie Delta. Canadian Geographer, No. 7, 1956, p. 13–20.[Characteristics of 1,380 pingos located.]Google Scholar
Vyalov, S. S. Polzuchest’ i dlitel’noye soprotivieniye merzlykh gruntov [Creep and long term strength of frozen soils]. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR [Reports of the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R.], Tom 104, No. 6, 1955, p. 850–53. [Results of recent experiments to determine strength of frozen ground.]Google Scholar

Meteorological And Climatological Glaciology

Klinov, F. Ya. Ledyanyye kristally i ledyanyye tumany v atmosfere [Ice crystals and ice fogs in the atmosphere]. Priroda [Nature], 1957, No. 2, p. 83–86. [Types of crystal observed at Verkhoyansk in temperatures between −35° and −58° C., 1952–54]Google Scholar
Liljequist, G. H. Energy exchange of an antarctic snow-field. Long-wave radiation and radiation balance (Maudheim, 71° 03′ S, 10° 56′ W). Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition, 1949–52. Scientific Results (Oslo, Norsk Polarinstitutt), Vol. 2, Part 1B, 1956, p. 111–84.Google Scholar
Liljequist, G. H. Energy exchange of an antarctic snow-field. Wind structure in the low layer (Maudheim, 71° 03′ S, 10° 56′ W). Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition, 1949–52. Scientific Results (Oslo, Norsk Polarinstitutt), Vol. 2, Part 1C, 1957, p. 185–234.Google Scholar
Liljequist, G. H. Energy exchange of an antarctic snow-field. Surface inversions and turbulent heat transfer (Maudheim, 71° 03′ S, l0° 56′ W). Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition, 1949–52. Scientific Results (Oslo, Norsk Polarinstitutt), Vol. 2, Part 1D, 1957, p. 235–98.Google Scholar
Saar, R. von. Eishöhlen, ein meteorologisch-geophysikalisches Phänomen. Geografiska Annaler, Årg. 38, Ht. 1, 1956, p. 1–63. [Ice caves as meteorological phenomenon, studied in Dachstein, Oberösterreich (Austria).]Google Scholar
Zamorskiy, A. D. Atmosfernyy led. Iney, golaled, sneg i grad [Atmospheric ice. Hoar frost, glazed frost, snow and hail]. Moscow, Leningrad, Izdatel’stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR [Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R.], 1955. 377p. [Formation and structure of ice crystals falling as precipitation and growing on objects exposed to air.Google Scholar

Snow

Bader, H., and others. Snow and its metamorphism. Der Schnee and seine Metamorphose, by H. Bader, R. Haefeli, E. Bucher, J. Neher, O.Eckel and Chr. Thams with an introduction by P. Niggli. Translated by J. C. van Tienhoven. U.S. Snow, Ice and Permafrost Research Establishment. Translation 14, 1954., xix, 313p., illus. [Snow cover studies carried out at Weissfluhjoch, Davos, under direction of the Snow and Avalanche Commission of Switzerland, 1936–37, 1937–38. Originally published as Beiträge zur Geologie der Schweiz. Geotechnische Serie. Hydrologie, Lief. 3, 1939.]Google Scholar
Dunkle, R. V. Bevans, J. T. An approximate analysis of the solar reflectance and transmittance of a snow cover. Journal of Meteorology, Vol. 13, No. 2, 1956, p. 212–16. [Theoretical.]Google Scholar
Gold, L. W. Williams, G. P. Dependence of snowfall on temperature. Nature, Vol. 177, No. 4520, 1956, p. 1137–38. [Observations on dependence of snowfall on mean daily temperature.]Google Scholar
Grishin, I. S. Vliyaniye meteley na akkumulyatsiyu snega v ovrazhno-balochnoy seti basseyna r. Dona [Influence of snow storms on accumulation of snow in the gully area of the Don basin]. Meteorologiya i Gidrologiya [Meteorology and Hydrology], 1957, No. 5, p. 37–40. [Snow storms increase amount of snow collected in gullies and ravines.]Google Scholar
Groth, K. Suppression of evaporation from snow-fields. Tellus, Vol. 9, No. 2, 1937, p. 159–63. [Experiments made with surface films of fatty alcohols in Sweden (mainly Lapland) in 1954–561.]Google Scholar
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