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Modulation of lipid metabolism through multiple pathways during oocyte maturation and embryo culture in bovine

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 August 2021

Clara Slade Oliveira*
Affiliation:
Animal Reproduction Laboratory, Santa Monica Experimental Station, Embrapa Dairy Cattle, Fazenda Santa Monica Road, Barao de Juparana, Valença, RJ, Brazil
Viviane Luzia da Silva Feuchard
Affiliation:
Animal Reproduction Laboratory, Santa Monica Experimental Station, Embrapa Dairy Cattle, Fazenda Santa Monica Road, Barao de Juparana, Valença, RJ, Brazil
Sheila Costa de Souza Marques
Affiliation:
Animal Reproduction Laboratory, Santa Monica Experimental Station, Embrapa Dairy Cattle, Fazenda Santa Monica Road, Barao de Juparana, Valença, RJ, Brazil
Naiara Zoccal Saraiva
Affiliation:
Animal Reproduction Laboratory, Embrapa Dairy Cattle, 610 Eugenio do Nascimento Ave., Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
*
Author for correspondence: Clara Slade Oliveira, Animal Reproduction Laboratory, Santa Monica Experimental Station, Embrapa Dairy Cattle, Fazenda Santa Monica Road, Barao de Juparana, Valença, RJ, 27640–000Brazil. E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Lipid accumulation occurs in cultured embryos and is associated with reduced cryotolerance. Here we report the use of a multiple pathway lipid modulator cocktail (l-carnitine, linoleic acid and forskolin) to improve cryosurvival. First, we stained oocytes and embryos with Oil Red to examine the time course of lipid accumulation during in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo culture. Then we evaluated the effects of the lipid modulators cocktail on lipid content, developmental rates and survival after vitrification. In our conditions, lipid accumulation was detected (P < 0.05) at the end of in vitro maturation (IVM) and after 4 days of embryo culture (D4-D5). In experiment 1, we used lipid modulator cocktail during IVM. Reduced (P < 0.05) lipid accumulation was detected in oocytes (Control: 49.9 ± 1.6, Lip. Mod. IVM: 45.0 ± 1.8) but no changes were present at blastocyst stage (Control: 62.4 ± 2.6, Lip. Mod. IVM: 66.8 ± 2.7). Treated oocytes presented decreased (P < 0.05) blastocyst rates and lower (P < 0.05) re-expansion after vitrification. In experiment 2, lipid modulators cocktail was used during embryo culture (from D4–D7 or D6–D7). Treatment had an effect on lipid metabolism, as lipid content was increased (P < 0.05) in D7 blastocysts in treated groups (Control: 52.7 ± 3.1a, D4: 65.9 ± 2.6b, D6: 78.1 ± 2.7b). However, no effect was present for cleavage, blastocyst and cryosurvival rates. No difference was detected in mean cell number comparing the three groups (Control: 78.9 ± 9.6, D4: 82.6 ± 16.5, D6: 68.3 ± 7.8), but apoptosis rate was increased (P < 0.05) in vitrified-warmed blastocysts from treated groups (Control: 14.77*, D4: 22.28, D6: 22.22). We concluded that the combined use of lipid modulators was efficient to promote changes in lipid content of oocytes and embryos in bovine, but those changes did not reflect positively on embryo development or cryosurvival.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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