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Early development and allometric growth patterns of the grumatã (Prochilodus vimboides Kner, 1859)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 July 2015

Guilherme Souza ,
Edésio J. T. Melo ,
Erica P. Caramaschi ,
Dalcio R. Andrade  and
Leandro R. Monteiro
Guilherme Souza*
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, CBB, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Av. Alberto Lamego 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ cep 28013–602, Brazil.
Edésio J. T. Melo
Affiliation:
Laboratório Biologia Celular e Tecidual, CBB, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil.
Erica P. Caramaschi
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Ecologia de Peixes, IB-CCS, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Dalcio R. Andrade
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Zootecnia e Produção Animal, CCTA, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil.
Leandro R. Monteiro
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, CBB, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil.
*
All correspondence to: G. Souza. Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, CBB, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Av. Alberto Lamego 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ cep 28013–602, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected].
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Summary

The objective of this study was to characterize the early development and allometric growth of the grumatã (Prochilodus vimboides). We describe a sample of 266 eggs and larvae obtained through induced spawning. The eggs were spherical (mean 3.7 mm diameter), exhibited a yellow yolk and were non-adhesive and pelagic after fertilization and hydration. The time elapsed between the early cleavage and post-flexion stages was considered short (328 hours, 8054 hour-degrees) in regard to the development times of other Neotropical rheophilic species, but time to hatching was considerably longer than in other Prochilodus species. The most notable anatomical changes were observed between the end of the yolk larval stage and the beginning of the pre-flexion stage, when the larvae displayed directed swimming and the digestive system became functional, enabling the transition from endogenous to exogenous feeding. After hatching, the larvae grew from 6.04 to 15.15 mm in total length average. Two growth phases were observed at this stage: a non-linear asymptotic curve in yolk-sac larvae, and a linear constant-rate growth phase after exogenous feeding started. Allometric growth related to standard length was positive for head length, negative for eye diameter, and switched between phases from negative to positive in body depth and head height. Morphological development and allometric growth in different larval phases impose drastic anatomical and physiological changes that are synchronic with habitat changes and the flood cycles during the reproductive period.

Keywords

AllometryEmbryo developmentGrowthInduced spawningLarvae
Type
Research Article
Information
Zygote , Volume 24 , Issue 3 , June 2016 , pp. 428 - 441
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015 

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