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Detrimental effects of antibiotics on mouse embryos in chromatin integrity, apoptosis and expression of zygotically activated genes*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 June 2010

Jun Liu ,
Shuang Tang ,
Wei Xu ,
Yongsheng Wang ,
Baoying Yin  and
Yong Zhang
Jun Liu
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Animal Reproductive Physiology & Embryo Technology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Shuang Tang
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Animal Reproductive Physiology & Embryo Technology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Wei Xu
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Animal Reproductive Physiology & Embryo Technology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Yongsheng Wang
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Animal Reproductive Physiology & Embryo Technology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Baoying Yin
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Animal Reproductive Physiology & Embryo Technology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Yong Zhang*
Affiliation:
Institute of Biotechnology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China. Key Laboratory of Animal Reproductive Physiology & Embryo Technology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
*
All correspondence to: Yong Zhang. Institute of Biotechnology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China. Fax: +86 02987080085. e-mail: [email protected]
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Summary

The effects of specific components in culture medium on embryo physiology have been extensively investigated to optimize in vitro culture systems; however, little attention has been paid to antibiotics, the reagents used most commonly in culture systems to prevent contamination. To investigate the potential effects of routine use of antibiotics on cultured embryos, mouse zygotes were cultured with or without antibiotics. In both groups, the developmental rate and cell number of blastocysts appear to be normal. The proportion of embryos with blastomere fragmentation increased slightly when embryos were cultured with antibiotics. In contrast, the presence of antibiotics in the embryo culture system significantly disturbs expression of zygotically activated genes, damages chromatin integrity and increases apoptosis of cultured embryos. These results provide evidence that, when cultured with antibiotics, embryos with normal appearance may possess intrinsic physiological and genetic abnormalities. We demonstrate that the adverse effects of antibiotics on mammalian embryos are more severe than we previously presumed and that antibiotics are not essential for sterility of embryo culture system therefore abolishing antibiotic supplementation during embryo culture.

Keywords

AntibioticsApoptosisDNA damageEmbryo cultureGene expression
Type
Research Article
Information
Zygote , Volume 19 , Issue 2 , May 2011 , pp. 137 - 145
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

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Footnotes

*

This work is supported by grants from the Important National Science & Technology Specific Projects, China (No. 2008ZX08007-004).

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