Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jn8rn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-24T16:46:12.106Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Seeping in slowly: how human rights concerns are penetrating the WTO

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 October 2007

SUSAN ARIEL AARONSON*
Affiliation:
George Washington University
*
*Correspondence to: [email protected]

Abstract

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Susan Ariel Aaronson 2007

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aaronson, Susan Ariel (1996), Trade and the American Dream, Lexington: University of Kentucky Press.Google Scholar
Aaronson, Susan Ariel (2001), Taking Trade to the Streets: The Lost History of Global Efforts to Shape Globalization, Ann Arbor: University of Michigan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aaronson, Susan Ariel and Zimmerman, Jamie (2007), Trade Imbalance: The Struggle to Weigh Human Rights in Trade Policymaking, New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Apodaca, Clair (2001), ‘Global Economic Patterns and Personal Integrity Rights after the Cold War’, International Studies Quarterly, 45 (December): 634647.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bal, Salman (2001), ‘International Free Trade Agreements and Human Rights: Reinterpreting Article XX of the GATT’, Minnesota Journal of Global Trade, 10: 62108.Google Scholar
Bhagwati, Jagdish (1996), ‘Introduction’, in Jagdish Bhagwati and Robert Hudec, Fair Trade and Harmonization, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Callaway, Rhonda and , Julie Harelson-Stephens (2002), ‘The Weakest Link? Debunking the Direct Link between Trade and Basic Human Needs’, paper at ECPR Joint Sessions, ‘The Systematic Study of Human Rights Violations’, Turin, Italy, 3/22–27/2002.Google Scholar
Charnovitz, Steve (1994), ‘The World Trade Organization and Social Issues’, Journal of World Trade, 28(5): 1733.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Charnovitz, Steve (2002), ‘The WTO and the Rights of the Individual’, chapter in Trade Law and Global Governance, London: Cameron May; 797839.Google Scholar
Charnovitz, Steve (2003), ‘The Influence of International Labour Standards on the World Trading Regime’, http://www.geocities.com/charnovitz/ilo.htm, last searched 2/6/2003.Google Scholar
Cingranelli, David (2002), ‘Democratization, Economic Globalization, and Workers' Rights’, in McMahon, Edward and Sinclair, Thomas (eds) Democratic Institutional Performance: Research and Policy Perspectives, New York: Praeger.Google Scholar
Cingarelli–Richards (CIRI) (n.d.), ‘Human Rights Data Set’, at http://ciri.binghamton.edu/index.asp.Google Scholar
Cleveland, Sarah H. (2002), ‘Human Rights Sanctions and International Trade: A Theory of Compatibility’, Journal of International Law, 133: 188189.Google Scholar
Compa, Lance A. and Diamond, Stephen F. (ed.) (1996), Human Rights, Labor Rights and International Trade, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar
Consultative Board to the Director-General Supachai Panitchpakdi (2005), ‘The Future of the WTO: Addressing Institutional Challenges in the New Millennium', 10.Google Scholar
Cooper, Mary Comerford (2003), ‘International Organizations and Democratization: Testing the Effect of GATT/WTO Membership’, Asia Pacific Research Center (April), p. 15.Google Scholar
Cottier Thomas, Joost Pauwelyn, and Burgi, Elisabeth (eds) (2005), Human Rights and International Trade, Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dollar, David and Kraay, Art (2001), ‘Trade, Growth and Poverty’, Poverty Research Working Paper 2615, World Bank, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Dollar, David and Kraay, Art (2001), ‘Growth is Good for the Poor’, World Bank Policy Research Paper No. 2587, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=632656.Google Scholar
Elliott, Kimberley Ann and Freeman, Richard B. (2003), Can Labor Standards Improve Under Globalization? Washington: IIE.Google Scholar
Finkel, Steven E., Perez-Linan, Anibal, and Seligson, Mitchell A. (2005), ‘Final Report: Effects of US Foreign Assistance on Democracy Building: Results of a Cross-National Quantitative Study’, United States Agency for International Development (USAID).Google Scholar
Hafner-Burton, Emilie M. and Tsutsui, Kiyoteru (2005), ‘Human Rights in a Globalizing World: The Paradox of Empty Promises’, American Journal of Sociology, 110: 13731411.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Howse, Robert (1999), ‘The World Trade Organization and the Protection of Workers' Rights’, Journal of Small and Emerging Business Law, 131 (Summer).Google Scholar
Howse, Robert (2002), ‘Human Rights in the WTO: Whose Rights? What Humanity? Comment on Petersmann’, European Journal of International Law, 13(3).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Howse, Robert (2003), ‘India's WTO Challenge to Drug Enforcement Conditions in the European Community Generalized System of Preferences: A Little Known Case with Major Repercussions for “Political” Conditionality in US Trade Policy’, Chicago Journal of International Law, 4: 386.Google Scholar
Howse, Robert (2003), ‘Back to Court after Shrimp/Turtle? Almost but not Quite Yet: India's Short Lived Challenge to Labor and Environmental Exceptions in the European Union's Generalized System of Preferences’, American University International Law Review, 18: 13331381.Google Scholar
Howse, Robert and Matua, Makau (2000), ‘Protecting Human Rights in a Global Economy: Challenges for the World Trade Organization’, Rights and Democracy, Montreal, pp. 46. at www.rightsanddemocracy.orgCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hufbauer, Gary Clyde et al. (1990), Economic Sanctions Reconsidered: History and Current Policy, second edition, Washington: Peterson Institute for International Economics.Google Scholar
International Federation for Human Rights (11/2001), ‘Report – The WTO and Human Rights’, No. 320/2.Google Scholar
International Labor Organization (1998), ‘Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work’, http://www.ilo.org/dyn/declaris/DECLARATIONWEB.INDEXPAGE.Google Scholar
Irwin, Douglas A. (1996), Against the Tide: An Intellectual History of Free Trade, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jackson, John H. (1998), The World Trading System: Law and Policy of International Economic Relations, second edition, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Kaufmann, D., Kraay, A., and Mastruzzi, M. (2004), ‘Governance Matters IV: Governance Indicators for 1996–2004’, at /www.worldbank.org/wbi/governance/pubs/govmatters4.html.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kapstein, Ethan (2004), ‘Behavior Foundations of Democracy and Development’, Center for Global Development Working Paper No. 52, December.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keesing, Donald B. (1998), Improving Trade Policy Reviews in the World Trade Organization, Washington, DC: IIE.Google Scholar
Lim, Hoe (2001), ‘Trade and Human Rights: What's at Issue?’, E/C 12/2001/WP.2, 45. www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/0/907f88e4d28e4cb9c1256a63003069fd?Opendocument.Google Scholar
Madani, Dorsati (1999), ‘A Review of the Role and Impact of Export Processing Zones’, World Bank Research Working Papers, No. 2238.Google Scholar
Marceau, Gabrielle (2002), ‘WTO Dispute Settlement and Human Rights’, European Journal of International Law, 13(4).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mehra, M. (ed.) (1999), Human Rights and Economic Globalisation: Directions for the WTO, London: Global Publications Foundation and International NGO Committee on Human Rights in Trade and Investment.Google Scholar
Mosley, Layna (2006), ‘Varieties of Capitalists? Economic Globalization and Labor Rights in the Developing World’, unpublished paper in possession of author, presented at the Southern Political Science Association, 1/5–7/2006.Google Scholar
Mosley, Layna and Uno, Saika (n.d.), ‘Racing to the Bottom or Climbing to the Top? Economic Globalization and Collective Labor Rights’, unpublished paper in possession of author;Google Scholar
Pauwelyn, Joost (2001), ‘The Role of Public International Law in the WTO: How Far Can We Go?’, American Journal of International Law.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pauwelyn, Joost (2003), ‘WTO Compassion or Superiority Complex? What to Make of the WTO Waiver for Conflict Diamonds’, Michigan Journal of International Law, 24: 11841191.Google Scholar
Pauwelyn, Joost (2004), ‘WTO Condemnation of US Ban on Internet Gambling Pits Free Trade against Moral Values’, ASIL Insights, November, at www.asil.org/insights/2004/11/insight041117.htmlGoogle Scholar
Pauwelyn, Joost (2005), ‘WTO Softens Earlier Condemnation of US Ban on Internet Gambling But Confirms Broad Reach into Sensitive Domestic Regulation’, ASIL Insights, at www.asil.org/insights/2005/04/insights050412.html.Google Scholar
Petersmann, Ernst-Ulrich (2001), ‘Time for Integrating Human Rights into the Law of Worldwide Organizations’, Jean Monnet Working Paper, July, p. 15.Google Scholar
Porter, Eduardo (2005), ‘Ending Aid to Rich Farmers May Hurt the Poor One’, New York Times, 18 December, p. 4.Google Scholar
Richards, David L. et al. (2001), ‘Money with a Mean Streak? Foreign Economic Penetration and Government Respect for Human Rights in Developing Countries’, International Studies Quarterly, 45: 219239.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Richards, David L. and Gelleny, Ronald D. (n.d.), ‘Business Friendly or Friendly Business: Examining the Impact of Government Respect for Human Rights on Foreign Economic Penetration in Developing States’, unpublished paper.Google Scholar
Rodrik, Dani (2000), ‘Trade Policy Reform as Institutional Reform’, August 2000, available on his web site http://ksghome.harvard.edu/~drodrik/papers.html; and //ksghome.harvard.edu/~drodrik/ifo-institutions%20article%20_April%202004_.pdfCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rodrik, Dani et al. (2002), ‘Institutions Rule: The Primacy of Institutions over Geography and Integration in Economic Development’, Journal of Economic Growth, 9: 131165.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steinberg, Richard H. (1999), ‘Institutional Implications of WTO Accession for China’, February 1999, http://brie.berkeley.edu/~briewww/publications/WP110.pdf, last searched 1/10/2006.Google Scholar
Subramanian, Arvind and Shang-Jin Wei (2003), ‘The WTO Promotes Trade, Strongly but Unevenly’, NBER Working Paper No. 10024, October.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Temin, Peter (2003), ‘Mediterranean Trade in Biblical Times’, MIT Department of Economics Working Paper 3–12, March, 8: 1416.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tomz, Michael, Goldstein, Judith, and Rivers, Douglas (2005), ‘Membership Has Its Privileges: The Impact of GATT on International Trade’, at http://www.stanford.edu/~tomz/working/TomzGoldsteinRivers2005a.pdfGoogle Scholar
Trachtman, Joel (1998), ‘Trade and … Problems’, European Journal of International Law, 9(1): 3285.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trachtman, Joel (1999), ‘The Domain of WTO Dispute Resolution’, Harvard International Law Journal.Google Scholar
Trebilcok, Michael J. (2002), ‘Trade Policy and Labour Standards: Objectives, Instruments and Institutions’, Law and Economics Research Paper No. 02-01. http://ssrn.com/abstract_id=307219.Google Scholar
UN General Assembly (1993), ‘Vienna Declaration and Plan of Action’, 7/12/1993, http://www.unhchr.ch/huridocda/huridoca.nsf/(Symbol)/A.CONF.157.23.En?OpenDocument.Google Scholar
United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, http://www.ohchr.org/english/issues/globalization/trade/Google Scholar
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), http://www.un.org/Overview/rights.html.Google Scholar
Vazquez, Carlos (2003), ‘Trade Sanctions and Human Rights-Past, Present, and Future’, Journal of International Economic Law, 6(4): 803.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
World Bank (2004), Doing Business in 2004: Understanding Regulation, Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
WTO Documents at www.wto.orgGoogle Scholar
Wurth, Anna and Lisa Seidensticker, Frauke (2005), ‘Indices, Benchmarks, and Indicators: Planning and Evaluating Human Rights Dialogues’, German Institute for Human Rights.Google Scholar
Zagel, Gudrun Monika (2005), ‘WTO and Human Rights: Examining Linkages and Suggesting Convergence’, IDLO Voices of Development Jurists Paper Series, 2(2).Google Scholar
Zeiler, Thomas H. (1999), Free Trade, Free World: The Advent of GATT, Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.Google Scholar