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Choline, betaine and methionine interactions in chickens, pigs and fish (including crustaceans)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 September 2007

Jean Simon
Jean Simon
Affiliation:
INRA, Station de Recherches Avicoles, 37380 Nouzilly, France
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Abstract

This review focuses on recent progress on the functions of choline and betaine and on the interactions between these two methyl donors and methionine chickens (mainly), pigs, fish (and crustaceans). When chickens receive a diet marginally deficient in methionine, supplementation with choline or betaine does not generally induce a return to the maximum growth rate. In this species betaine potentiates submaximal doses of some anticoccidial compounds, most probably through its osmolytic property. The ‘slimming’ effect which has been observed for betaine in a few assays with chickens and pigs has not been confirmed in several other species and therefore remains to be unequivocally demonstrated. In fish there is a need for phospholipids during the early stages of development. In salmonidae some studies suggest that betaine may facilitate the adaptation to sea water.

Keywords

Betainecholinemethioninebody compositionmethyl groupsosmolytescoccidiosispoultrypigsfish
Type
Research Article
Information
World's Poultry Science Journal , Volume 55 , Issue 4 , December 1999 , pp. 353 - 374
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1999

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