Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2brh9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T20:56:31.478Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Requirement of Poultry for Carbohydrates

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2007

Pran Vohra
Affiliation:
Department of Poultry Husbandry, University of California, Davis, Calif.
Get access

Abstract

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1967

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Almquist, H. J., Mecchi, E., Stokstad, L. R., and Manning, P. D. V., 1940. Identification of the rice factor. The Carbohydrate Component. J. Biol. Chem., 134:465466.Google Scholar
Anderson, D. L., and Hill, F. W., 1955. Determination of metabolizable energy values for chicks for pure carbohydrates, cellulose, fat and casein. Poultry Sci., 34: 1176.Google Scholar
Anderson, J. O., and Warnick, R. E., 1964. Value of enzyme supplements in rations containing certain legume seed meals of gums. Poultry Sci., 34: 10911097.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Atkinson, R. L., Kratzer, F. H., and Stewart, G. F., 1957. Lactose in animal and human feeding: A review. J. Dairy Sci., 40: 11141132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beach, J. R., 1925. The effect of feeding Bacillus acidophilus, lactose, dry skim milk, or whole milk on the hydrogen-ion concentration of the contents of the ceca of chickens. Hilgardia, 1:145166.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beach, J. R., and Davis, D. E., 1925. The influence of feeding lactose or dry skim milk on artificial infections of chicks with Eimeria avium. Hilgardia. 1:167181.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bogner, P. H., 1961. Alimentary absorption of reducing sugar by embryos and young chicks. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 107: 263265.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bogner, P. H., and Haines, I. A., 1961. Development of intestinal selective absorption of glucose in newly hatched chicks. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 107: 265267.Google Scholar
Bogner, P. H., Bogner, R. L., and McLain, P. L., 1964. Active transport of galactose-1-C14 by young chick intestine. Fed. Proc., 23, Abst. 660.Google Scholar
Bolton, W., 1954. The digestibility of the carbohydrate complex of bran and oats by adult cocks. 10th World's Poultry Congress Proc., pp. 9498.Google Scholar
Bolton, W., 1955. The digestibility of the carbohydrate complex of barley, wheat and maize by adult fowls. J. Agr. Sci., 16: 119122.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bolton, W., 1960. The determination of digestible carbohydrates in poultry foods. Analyst, 85: 189192.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brambila, S. and Hill, F. W., 1966. Comparison of neutral fat and free fatty acids in high lipid-low carbohydrate diets for the growing chicken. J. Nutrition, 88: 8492.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Briggs, G. M., and Spivey, M. R., 1954. Growth stimulating effect of lactose in a complete synthetic diet for chicks. 10th World' Poultry Congress Proc., pp. 98100.Google Scholar
Campbell, A. J., and Hill, F. W., 1962. The effect of protein source on the growth promoting action of soybean oil, and the effect of glycerine in a low fat diet. Poultry Sci. 41: 881882.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Caprenter, K. J., and Clegg, K. M., 1956. The metabolizable energy of poultry feeding stuffs in relation to their chemical composition. J. Sci. Food Agr., 7:4551.Google Scholar
Clegg, K. M., 1956. Application of the anthrone reagent to the estimation of starch in cereals. J. Sci. Food Agr., 7:4044.Google Scholar
Couch, J. R., Bakshi, Y. N., Prescott, J. M., and Cregor, C. R. 1965. Trypsin inhibitor in guar. Fed. Proc., 24: Abst. 3085.Google Scholar
Couch, J. R., Cravens, W. W., Elvehjem, C. A., and Halpin, J. G., 1948. Relation of Carbohydrate to Intestinal Synthesis of biotin and hatchability in mature fowl. J. Nutrition, 35: 5772.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Couch, J. R., Barki, V. H., Sunde, M. L., Cravens, W. W., and Elvehjem, C. A., 1949. The Utilization of Lactose By The Mature fowl. J. Nutrition, 38: 105113.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dam, H., 1944. Galactose poisoning in chicks. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 55: 5759.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duncan, D. L., 1955. The physiological effect of lactose. Nutr. Abst. Rev., 25: 309320.Google ScholarPubMed
Fry, R. E., Allred, J. B., Jensen, L. S., and McGinnis, J., 1957. Influence of water-treatment on nutritional value of barley. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 95:209251.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Golden, W. R. C., and Long, C. N. H., 1942. Absorption and disposition of glucose in the chick. Am. J. Physiol., 136: 244249.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Griminger, P., and Fisher, H., 1963. Fructose utilization in the growing chicken. Poultry Sci., 42:14711473.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hamilton, T. S., and Card, L. E., 1924. The utilization of lactose by the chicken. J. Agr. Res., 27: 597604.Google Scholar
Hansen, R. G., Freedland, R. A., and Scott, H. M., 1956. Lactose metabolism. V. The uridine nucleotides in galactose toxicity. J. Biol. Chem., 219:391397.Google ScholarPubMed
Hartfiel, W., 1964. Uber den Einsatz von Zuckern inder Gefl¨gelfutterung. 2. Differenzversuch mit Huhnern zum Bestimmung der Verdaulickhkeit und der umsetzbaren. Energie von Zucker. Zuchtungskunde, 36:178182.Google Scholar
Henneberg, W., and Stohmann, F., 1860. Beitrage zur Begrundung einer rationellen Futterung der Weidefkauer, Vol. 1.Google Scholar
Jensen, L. S., Fry, R. E., Allred, J. B., and McGinnis, J., 1957. Improvement in the nutritional value of barley for chicks by enzyme supplementation. Poultry Sci., 36: 919921.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jensen, L. S., 1964. The status of enzyme supplementation of poultry feeds. Feed Age, 01, p. 28–29.Google Scholar
Johnson, E. L., 1953. Season and carbohydrate source affect chick response to unidentified factors. Poultry Sci., 32: 930.Google Scholar
Johansson, K. R., Sarles, W. B., and Shapiro, S. K., 1948. The intestinal microflora of hens as influenced by various carbohydrates in a biotin-deficient ration. J. Bact., 56:619634.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kare, M. R., and Medway, W., 1959. Discrimination between carbohydrates by the fowl. Poultry Sci., 38:11191127.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kare, M. R., and Ficken, M. S., 1963. “Comparative studies on the sense of taste” in Olfaction and Taste, Ed., Zotterman, Y.. The Macmillan Co., New York.Google Scholar
Kratzer, F. H., Rajaguru, S. and Vohra, P., 1966. The effect of polysaccharides on energy utilization, nitrogen retention and fat absorption in chickens. Fed. Proc. 25: Abst 642.Google Scholar
Lenkheit, W., and Becker, M., 1939. Beitrag zur Verwertung des Milchzuckers beim Gefl¨gel Z. Tierernahr. Futtermittelk., 2:1526.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leong, K. C., Jensen, L. S., and McGinnis, J., 1962. Effect of water treatment and enzyme supplementation on the metabolizable energy of barley. Poultry Sci., 41:3639.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McGinnis, J., 1964. Feed values of wheat for red meat and poultry production. Feedstuffs, 11. 28, p. 46–48.Google Scholar
Mehring, Jr., Johnson, D. 3. 4., Nesbitt, L. L. Jr., and Titus, H. W., 1962. Effect of cerelose and three types of corn starch on the moisture content of chick excreta. Poultry Sci., 41: 249252.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Monson, W. J., Dietrich, L. S., and Elvehjen, C. A., 1950. Studies on the effect of different carbohydrates on chick growth. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 75: 256259.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Monson, W. J., Dietrich, L. S., and Elvehjem, C. A., 1952. The effect of different carbohydrates and antibiotics on the growth of chicks and the storage of vitamins. J. Nutrition, 46: 411423.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Monson, W. J., Harper, E. A., Denton, D. A., and Elvehjem, C. A., 1954. The effect of level of dietary protein on the growth of chicks fed purified diets containing sucrose or destrin. J. Nutrition. 53: 563573.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nordin, J. H., Wilken, D. R., Bretthauer, R. K., Hansen, R. G., Scott, H. M., and Hagemann, E., 1960. A consideration of galactose toxicity in male and female chicks. Poultry Sci., 39: 802812.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Patrick, H., 1965. Barley as a feed ingredient. Feed Age, 02, p. 2629.Google Scholar
Potter, L. M., and Matterson, L. D., 1960. Metabolizable energy of feed ingredients for the growing chick. Poultry Sci., 39: 781782.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Potter, L. M., Stutz, M. W., and Matterson, L. D., 1965. Metabolizable energy and digestibility coefficients of barley for chicks as influenced by water treatment or by presence of fungal enzyme. Poultry Sci., 44: 565572.Google Scholar
Renner, R., 1966. Studies on the effectiveness of different carbohydrates in promoting the utilization of “carbohydrate and glycerol-free” diets. Fed. Proc., 25: Abst. 641.Google Scholar
Renner, R., and Elcombe, A. M., 1964. Factors affecting the utilization of “carbohydrate-free” diets by the chick. 2. Level of glycerol. J. Nutrition, 84: 327330.Google ScholarPubMed
Riccardi, B. A., and Fahrenbach, M. J., 1965. Hypocholesterolemic activity of mucliaginous polysaccharides in White Leghorn Cockerels. Fed. Proc., 24: Abst. 742.Google Scholar
Ringdon, R. H., Couch, J. R., Cregor, C. R., and Ferguson, T. M., 1963. Galactose intoxlcation. Pathological study in the chick. Experentia. 19:349.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rose, R. J., and Arscott, G. H., 1962. Use of barley in high-efficiency broiler rations. 5. Further studies on the use of enzymes, soaking and pelleting barley for chicks. Poultry Sci., 41:124130.Google Scholar
Rosenberg, M. M., and Palafox, A. L., 1956. Effect of certain cations in cane molasses on fecal moisture of chicks. Poultry Sci., 35: 682686.Google Scholar
Rutter, W. J., Krichevsky, P., Scott, H. M., and Hansen, R. G., 1953. The metabolism of lactose and galactose in the chick. Poultry Sci., 32: 706715.Google Scholar
Sathe, B. S., and Bose, S. B., 1962. Studies on the utilization of industrial and farm by-products in growing poultry rations. Indian J. Vet. Sci., 32:7484.Google Scholar
Scott, H. M., Matterson, L. D., and Singsen, E. P., 1947. Nutritional factors influencing growth and efficiency of feed utilization. 1. The effect of the source of carbohydrates. Poultry Sci., 26:554.Google Scholar
Scott, M. L., 1952. Effect of dried distiller's solubles, whey and lactose upon enlarged hocks in turkeys. Poultry Sci., 31: 175176.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scott, M. L., 1953. Use of molasses in the feeding of farm animals. Tech. Report Series 9, Sugar Res. Foundation, Inc., New York.Google Scholar
Sibbald, I. R., and Slinger, S. J., 1962. The Metabolizable Energy of Materials Fed to Growing Chicks. Poultry Sci., 41: 16121613.Google Scholar
Sondergaard, E., Prange, I., Dam, H., and Christensen, E., 1957. Uricemia and kidney damage by galactose poisoned chicks. Acta Path. and Microbiol. Scand., 40: 303308.Google Scholar
Spivey Fox, M. R., and Briggs, G. M., 1959. Effects of lactose upon chicks fed a purified diet. Poultry Sci., 38:964968.Google Scholar
Splittgerber, H., and Gysae, M., 1963. Prufung von verschieden hohen Anteilen Zucker als Komponente in Gegliigelmast–Alleitter. Arch. Gefl¨igelk., 27:401408.Google Scholar
Stockstad, E. L. R., Jukes, T. H., and Williams, W. L., 1953. The growth–promoting effect of aureomycin on various types of diet. Poultry Sci., 32:10541058.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tapper, D. N., and Kare, M. R., 1956. Distribution of glucose in blood of chickens. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 92:120122.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tapper, D. N., and Kare, M. R., 1960. Blood glucose distribution in the domestic fowl. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 103:789790.Google Scholar
Thompson, C. R., Taylor, K. W., and Kohiler, G. O., 1961. Effect of different drying conditions on sugar beet roots as a carbohydrate source for broilers. Poultry Sci., 40:128133.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vogt, H., and Penner, W., 1963. Die Verwendung von Guarmehl in Geflugelmast futter. Arch. Gefl¨gelk., 27:4347.Google Scholar
Vohra, P., and Kratzer, F. H., 1964a. The use of guar meal in chicken rations. Poultry Sci., 43: 502503.Google Scholar
Vohra, P., and Kratzer, F. H., 1964b. Growth inhibitory effect of certain polysacharcides for chickens. Poultry Sci., 43:11641170.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vohra, P., and Kratzer, F. H., 1965. Improvement of guar meal with enzymes. Poultry Sci., 44:12011205.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wagh, P. V., and Waibel, P. E., 1965. Nutritional effects of L-arabinose and D-xylose in chicks. Fed. Proc., 24:3080 (Abst.).Google Scholar
Wegner, R. M., 1964. Uber den Emsatz von Zucker in der Gefl¨gelfutterung. 1. Esatz von Getreide durch Zucker im Kuken–und Junghennen–Aufzuchfutter. Zuchtungskunde, 36: 169–177.Google Scholar
Wheeler, H. O., Ried, B. L., Ferguson, T. M., and Couch, J. R., 1961. Vitamin uptake studies on organisms isolated from crop contents of turkeys with pendulous crop. Poultry Sci., 40:900904.CrossRefGoogle Scholar