Published online by Cambridge University Press: 18 July 2011
Serious literature about foreign policy, when it is not primarily historical, can be classed in three ways. It is either pragmatic, attempting to solve specific problems through a mastery of specific data; or it is what I will call unitary, arguing for comprehensive solutions on the basis of some general vision of the truth; or it is pluralistic, asserting the value of many approaches and denying the certainty of any one.
1 See, e.g., Truman, David B., The Governmental Process (New York 1951)Google Scholar.
2 For example, in The American People and Foreign Policy (New York 1950)Google Scholar, Gabriel Almond provided an enrichment of the systematic concept of public opinion, with particular reference to the potentiality of public opinion for rational behavior despite the notable inadequacies in individual opinions revealed by opinion surveys (i.e., gross inconsistency and a frighteningly meager and inaccurate information base).
3 Huntington, Samuel P., The Common Defense (New York 1961)Google Scholar.
4 Huntington, , The Soldier and the State (Cambridge, Mass., 1957), 189–92Google Scholar, 260–63.
5 Hoffmann, Stanley, “Discord in Community: The North Atlantic Area as a Partial International System,” in Wilcox, F. O. and Haviland, H. F. Jr., eds., The Atlantic Community: Progress and Prospects (New York 1964), 11Google Scholar.
6 House of Representatives, Subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations, Department of Defense Appropriations for 1964, 88th Congress, 2nd Session, 1964, Part 4, 304–5.