Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2brh9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T22:44:56.152Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A Vapor Trapping Apparatus for Determining the Loss of EPTC and Other Herbicides from Soils

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Reed A. Gray
Reed A. Gray*
Affiliation:
Stauffer Chemical Company, Biological Research Center, Mountain View, California
Get access

Abstract

An apparatus for trapping the vapors of ethyl N,N-dipropylthiolcarbamate (EPTC) and other herbicides froms soils under field conditions is described. The herbicide vapors were collected in cooled traps along with ice crystals, identified by gas chromatography and determined quantitatively. The amount of EPTC lost and trapped in 30 minutes ranged from 22 to 38 % of that applied to the surface of six different types of wet soils. The amount lost from dry soils was much less than from moist soils. Letting the surface of six different types of wet soils. The amount lost from dry soils was much less than from moist soils. Letting the surface of freshly worked moist soil dry out to depth of ½ inch before spraying with EPTC, greatly reduced the loss by vaporization. Immediate incorporation prevented any loss of EPTC from dry soil and greatly reduced the loss from moist soils. After spraying EPTC on dry soil, sprinkling with small amounts of water increased the loss. Comparison of several thiolcarbamate herbicides showed that n-propyl N,N-di-n-propylthiolcarbamate (R-1607) and n-propyl ethyl-n-butylthiolcarbamate (PEBC) were lost by vaporization at a slower rate than EPTC, and S-ethyl hexahydro-1-H-azepine-1-carbothioate (R-4572) was lost at a much slower rate than the other herbicides tested.

Type
Research Article
Information
Weeds , Volume 13 , Issue 2 , April 1965 , pp. 138 - 141
Copyright
Copyright © 1965 Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Antognini, J., Dye, D. F., Probandt, G. F. and Curtis, R. 1959. Soil incorporation of selective herbicides. Proc. NEWCC 13:421–422.Google Scholar
2. Ashton, F. M. and Sheets, T. J. 1959. The relationship of soil adsorption of EPTC to oats injury in various soil types. Weeds 7:88–90.Google Scholar
3. Batchelder, G. H. and Patchett, G. G. 1960. A colorimetric method for the determination of EPTC residues in crops and soils. J. Agr. Food Chem. 8:214–216.Google Scholar
4. Danielson, L. L. and Gentner, W. A. 1964. Influence of air movement on persistence of EPTC on soil. Weeds 12:92–94.Google Scholar
5. Danielson, L. L., Gentner, W. A., and Jansen, L. L. 1961. Persistence of soil-incorporated EPTC and other carbamates. Weeds 9:463–476.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6. Fang, S. C. and Theisen, Patricia. 1959. An isotopic study of ethyl-N,N-di-n-propylthiolcarbamate (EPTC-S35) residue in various crops. J. Agr. Food Chem. 7:770–771.Google Scholar
7. Fang, S. C., Theisen, Patricia, and Freed, V. H. 1961. Effects of water evaporation, temperature and rates of application on the retention of ethyl-N,N-di-n-propylthiolcarbamate in various soils. Weeds 9:569–574.Google Scholar
8. Gray, R. A. 1962. Rate of Vapam decomposition in different soils and other media. (Abstract) Phytopathology 52:734.Google Scholar
9. Vernetti, J. and Freed, V. H. 1961. Vapor losses of EPTC from soil. Res. Prog. Rep. WWCC p. 88–89.Google Scholar