Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2plfb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-29T01:43:36.650Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Soil Incorporation and Site of Uptake of Preemergence Herbicides

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Ellery L. Knake ,
Arnold P. Appleby  and
William R. Furtick
Ellery L. Knake
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois
Arnold P. Appleby
Affiliation:
Department of Farm Crops, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
William R. Furtick
Affiliation:
Department of Farm Crops, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
Get access

Abstract

Soil incorporation and site of uptake of preemergence herbicides was investigated under greenhouse conditions using green foxtail (Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv.) and the herbicides 2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine (atrazine), 2-chloro-N-isopropylacetanilide (hereinafter referred to as CP31393), 3-amino-2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid (amiben), 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea (linuron), ethyl N,N-dipropylthiolcarbamate (EPTC), and α,α,α-trifluroro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine (trifluralin). As depth of incorporation of most herbicides was increased, control of green foxtail decreased, indicating a dilution effect. Subsurface application of herbicides at a 2-in depth generally was less than half as effective as surface application or shallow incorporation.

With three different moisture conditions, shallow incorporation of trifluralin to depth of 1 in was beneficial at all moisture levels. Shallow incorporation of atrazine and EPTC improved effectiveness under conditions analagous to furrow irrigation but not under conditions simulating moderate or high rainfall immediately after application. Shallow incorporation of the ammonium salt of amiben increased effectiveness significantly under high moisture but decreased effectiveness under low moisture. Effectiveness of linuron was reduced by incorporation under moderate and high moisture. Shallow incorporation did not significantly affect results with CP31393 under any moisture condition.

For the six herbicides tested, the expression of lethal action on tops of green foxtail was evident when herbicide was placed in the shoot zone but not when placed in the root zone during the 2-week period after seeding.

Type
Research Article
Information
Weeds , Volume 15 , Issue 3 , July 1967 , pp. 228 - 232
Copyright
Copyright © 1967 Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Appleby, A. P., Furtick, W. R., and Fang, S. C. 1965. Soil placement studies with EPTC and other carbamate herbicides on Avena sativa . Weed Res. 5:115–122.Google Scholar
2. Ashton, F. M. and Dunster, K. 1961. The herbicidal effect of EPTC, CDEC, and CDAA on Echinochloa crusgalli with various depths of soil incorporation. Weeds 9:312–317.Google Scholar
3. Ashton, F. M. and Sheets, T. J. 1959. The relationship of soil adsorption of EPTC to oats injury in various soil types. Weeds 7:88–90.Google Scholar
4. Bailey, G. W. and White, J. L. 1964. Soil-pesticide relationships. Review of adsorption and desorption of organic pesticides by soil colloids, with implications concerning pesticide bioactivity. J. Agr. and Food Chem. 12:324–332.Google Scholar
5. Burnside, O. C. and Lipke, W. G. 1962. The effect of applied water on preemergence applications of amiben. Weeds 10:100–103.Google Scholar
6. Coartney, J. S. and Williams, J. L. Jr. 1966. Atrazine placement in the soil as related to uptake by giant foxtail (Setaria faberii) seedlings. WSA Abstr. p. 7.Google Scholar
7. Dawson, J. H. 1963. Development of barnyardgrass seedlings and their response to EPTC. Weeds 11:60–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8. Fang, S. C. and Theisen, P. 1960. Uptake of radioactive ethyl N,N-di-n-propylthiolcarbamate and translocation of sulfur-35 in various crops. J. Agr. and Food Chem. 8:295–298.Google Scholar
9. Fenster, C. R., Hanway, D. G., and Burnside, O. C. 1962. Equipment for subsurface application of herbicides in fallow land. Weeds 10:329–330.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10. Jordan, L. S., Day, B. E., and Clerx, W. A. 1963. Effect of incorporation and method of irrigation on preemergence herbicides. Weeds 11:157–160.Google Scholar
11. Knake, E. L., Bowers, W., and Butler, B. J. 1965. The effect of soil incorporation on atrazine and CDAA. NCWCC Res. Rept. 22:118–119.Google Scholar
12. Menges, R. M. 1963. Effect of overhead and furrow irrigation on performance of preemergence herbicides. Weeds 11:72–76.Google Scholar
13. Parker, C. 1966. The importance of shoot entry in the action of herbicides applied to the soil. Weeds 14:117–121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14. Schweizer, E. E. and Holstun, J. T. Jr. 1966. Persistence of five cotton herbicides in four southern soils. Weeds 14:22–26.Google Scholar
15. Wooten, O. B. and McWhorter, C. G. 1961. A device for subsurface application of herbicides. Weeds 9:36–41.Google Scholar