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Selective Action of Solan on Tomato and Eggplant

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

S. R. Colby  and
G. F. Warren
S. R. Colby
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana
G. F. Warren
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana
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Abstract

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) plants possess a high degree of tolerance to postemergence applications of 3-chloro-2-methyl-p-valerotoluidide (solan). Eggplant (Solarium Melongena L.) is highly susceptible to this herbicide. Differences in penetration, persistence and metabolism of solan by tomato and eggplant were insufficient to account for the differential susceptibility. Solan greatly inhibited the Hill reaction in isolated chloroplasts, and chloroplasts of both species were about equally sensitive to it. Radioactive solan (carbonyl labelled) sprayed on intact tomato and eggplant accumulated to about the same extent in chloroplasts of both species. The Hill reaction in isolated chloroplasts, carbon dioxide (C14O2) fixation in intact plants, and the level of high energy phosphates in intact plants were determined for tomato and eggplant previously sprayed with a selective rate of solan. Initially, all three reactions were inhibited in both species. Later, all three reactions returned to normal in tomato, but declined to a low level in eggplant. A resistant mechanism of cyclic photosynthetic phosphorylation was proposed as the mechanism of solan tolerance in tomato. Two types of light-activated solan injury were found. A rapid non-selective action, occurring at high doses of the herbicide, killed both tomato and eggplant. A delayed action occurred selectively on eggplant at low rates of herbicide. No solan injury occurred on plants placed in darkness after spraying, regardless of plant species or rate of herbicide applied.

Type
Research Article
Information
Weeds , Volume 13 , Issue 3 , July 1965 , pp. 257 - 263
Copyright
Copyright © 1965 Weed Science Society of America 

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