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Vegetative Reproduction Potential of Common Purslane (Portulaca oleracea)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Christopher A. Proctor ,
Roch E. Gaussoin  and
Zachary J. Reicher
Christopher A. Proctor*
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0724
Roch E. Gaussoin
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0724
Zachary J. Reicher
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0724
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Common purslane is a widely distributed summer annual weed. It can reproduce vegetatively from stem cuttings by forming adventitious roots from the cut end of the stem. Apart from large stem cuttings, it is unclear whether purslane cuttings of various plant tissues differ in their ability to reproduce asexually. The objective of the study was to determine the survival and asexual reproductive capacity of purslane cuttings. A greenhouse study evaluated three cuttings from two stem locations and a leaf from one stem location for their survival and new leaf growth after 21 d. Cuttings included a stem node with either leaves attached or removed and a stem internode, all from proximal and distal stem locations relative to the root crown, and a leaf from a proximal stem node. Stem node cuttings had ≥ 70% survival, whereas internodes had 0% survival. Nodes with leaves attached further increased survival by > 20%. The location of the cutting on the main stem did not affect survival. Only noded cuttings produced new leaves, and cuttings with leaves attached produced the most new leaves. For purslane to vegetatively reproduce, nodes on stem cuttings are required, and the presence of leaves on the cutting improves the survival and new leaf growth of cuttings. Therefore, mechanical methods of weed control that chop and spread purslane leaves and stems might not be effective and could ultimately increase weed populations.

La Portulaca oleracea es una maleza anual de verano ampliamente diseminada. Se puede reproducir vegetativamente a partir de cortes de tallos o esquejes formando raíces adventicias al extremo del corte del tallo. Con excepción de tallos muy grandes, no está claro si cortes de P. oleracea tomados de varios tejidos de la planta difieren en sus habilidades de reproducción asexual. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la supervivencia y la capacidad reproductiva asexual de cortes de tallos de P. oleracea. Un estudio de invernadero evalúo tres cortes tomados de dos sitios diferentes en el tallo y de un sitio con hoja, en cuanto a su supervivencia y nuevo crecimiento de hojas después de 21 días. Los cortes incluyeron un tallo con nudo ya sea con hojas o removidas, un entrenudo, todo con tallos con sitios proximales y distales relativo a la corona radical, y una hoja en un nudo proximal en un tallo. Los cortes de los tallos con nudo tuvieron ≥70% de supervivencia, mientras que los entrenudos tuvieron 0% de supervivencia. Los nudos con hojas tuvieron una supervivencia adicional >20%. La ubicación de los cortes en el tallo principal no afectó la supervivencia. Únicamente los cortes con nudo produjeron nuevas hojas y los cortes con hojas produjeron el mayor número de nuevas hojas. Para que P. oleracea se reproduzca vegetativamente se requieren nudos en los cortes o esquejes, y la presencia de hojas en los esquejes mejora la supervivencia y el crecimiento de nuevas hojas. Por lo tanto, los métodos mecánicos de control de maleza que cortan y dispersan las hojas y tallos de P. oleracea podrían no ser efectivos y pueden al final, incrementar su población.

Keywords

Common purslanePortulaca oleracea L. POROLAdventitious rootsweed controlstem cuttingssummer annualasexual reproduction
Type
Notes
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 25 , Issue 4 , December 2011 , pp. 694 - 697
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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