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Surfactant-Induced Phytotoxicity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Richard H. Falk ,
Richard Guggenheim  and
Gerhard Schulke
Richard H. Falk
Affiliation:
Div. Biol. Sci. Sect. Bot., Univ. California, Davis, CA 95616
Richard Guggenheim
Affiliation:
Div. Biol. Sci. Sect. Bot., Univ. California, Davis, CA 95616
Gerhard Schulke
Affiliation:
SEM-Laboratory, Univ. Basel. CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
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Abstract

The leaves of tall morningglory, giant duckweed, and common purslane were treated with nine surfactants at a concentration of 0.1% and examined after 24 hr using cryo-scanning electron microscopy for phytotoxicity as evidenced by tissue damage and epicuticular wax morphology changes. In some instances, tissue damage could be discerned; however, the effects of a particular surfactant were not uniform across the three species. Morphological alteration of epicuticular waxes was not observed. Gas chromatographic analyses of the epicuticular waxes of the species used in the study reveal component differences and may, in part, explain the lack of uniform response across species for a particular surfactant.

Keywords

Tall morningglory, Ipomoea purpurea (L.) Roth # PHBPUcommon purslane, Portulaca oleracea L. # POROLgiant duckweed, Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleid. # SPIPOLeaf surface morphologyepicuticular waxsurfactantadjuvantscanning electron microscopygas chromatography
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 8 , Issue 3 , September 1994 , pp. 519 - 525
Copyright
Copyright © 1994 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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