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Status and Management of Grass-Weed Herbicide Resistance in Latin America

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Bernal E. Valverde
Bernal E. Valverde*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Copenhagen, Hojebakkegaard Allé 13, Taastrup, DK-2630, Denmark
*
[email protected] and [email protected]
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Abstract

Twenty-one grass weeds have evolved resistance to herbicides in Latin America, particularly in rice, soybean, wheat, and orchards. Junglerice, the most widespread and economically important rice weed, evolved resistance to propanil, acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase)-inhibitor herbicides, quinclorac, and imazapyr in Central America, Colombia, and Venezuela. Some junglerice populations are resistant to at least three herbicide modes of action. Other herbicide-resistant (HR) rice weeds are barnyardgrass and gulf cockspur to quinclorac in Brazil, and saramollagrass to ACCase-inhibitor herbicides in Colombia and bispyribac in Venezuela. Populations of weedy rice resistant to imidazolinones are now emerging, most likely originated from gene flow from imidazolinone-resistant rice. Saramollagrass also became resistant to nicosulfuron in corn in Venezuela. Eight species associated with soybean are resistant to ACCase-inhibitor herbicides in Brazil (alexandergrass, goosegrass, and southern crabgrass) and Bolivia (Louisiana cupgrass, itchgrass, sudangrass, and two common wild sorghum species). Four more ACCase-inhibitor–resistant species (hedgehog dogtailgrass, wild oat, rigid ryegrass, and Italian ryegrass) are found in Chile infesting canola and wheat. ACCase-inhibitor–resistant hood canarygrass, littleseed canarygrass, and wild oat are important in wheat in Mexico. Resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibitor herbicides has been reported in itchgrass, goosegrass, and Mexican grass. Italian ryegrass populations resistant to glyphosate have been found in Chile and Brazil. Glyphosate resistance has also evolved in goosegrass in Bolivia and johnsongrass in Argentina. In general, little is done to prevent resistance evolution. An exception is the stewardship programs aiming to prevent gene flow from imidazolinone-resistant rice to weedy rice. Once resistance evolves, HR populations are mostly managed by shifting to herbicides with different modes of action and, in some cases, by slightly modifying agronomic practices. Propanil formulations containing a synergist are used to manage propanil-resistant junglerice. Increased no-till agriculture and planting of glyphosate-resistant crops are likely to select more glyphosate-resistant weeds.

Keywords

Bispyribacglyphosateimazapyrnicosulfuronpropanilquincloracbarnyardgrass, Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. ECHCGgoosegrass, Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. ELEINhedgehog dogtailgrass, Cynosurus echinatus L. CYXEChood canarygrass, Phalaris paradoxa L. PHAPAItalian ryegrass, Lolium multiflorum Lam. LOLMUjohnsongrass, Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. SORHAjunglerice, Echinochloa colona (L.) Link ECHCOlittleseed canarygrass, Phalaris minor Retz. PHAMIrigid ryegrass, Lolium rigidum Gaudin. LOLRIsaramollagrass, Ischaemum rugosum Salisb. ISCRUsudangrass, Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf. SORSUweedy rice, Oryza sativa L. ORYSAwild oat, Avena fatua L. AVEFAcanola, Brassica napus L.corn, Zea mays L.rice, Oryza sativa L.soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrwheat, Triticum aestivum L.herbicide resistance management
Type
Symposium
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 21 , Issue 2 , June 2007 , pp. 310 - 323
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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