Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T03:08:25.209Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Spring Wheat, Canola, and Sunflower Response to Persian Darnel (Lolium persicum) Interference

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Johnathon D. Holman ,
Alvin J. Bussan ,
Bruce D. Maxwell ,
Perry R. Miller  and
James A. Mickelson
Johnathon D. Holman*
Affiliation:
Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University–Bozeman, MT 59717
Alvin J. Bussan
Affiliation:
Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University–Bozeman, MT 59717
Bruce D. Maxwell
Affiliation:
Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University–Bozeman, MT 59717
Perry R. Miller
Affiliation:
Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University–Bozeman, MT 59717
James A. Mickelson
Affiliation:
Southern Agriculture Research Station, Montana State University, Huntley, MT 59037
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Integrated weed management practices, such as crop rotation and increased seeding rates, potentially improve weed management. Yet, few studies compare competitive interactions of weeds with different crops. This research quantified the impact of Persian darnel on spring wheat, canola, and sunflower yield across different seeding rates. Increasing crop density increased yield when Persian darnel affected crop yield early in physiological development. Crop yield loss was estimated to reach 83, 70, and 57% for spring wheat, canola, and sunflower, respectively, at high Persian darnel densities. Persian darnel reduced spring wheat yield by limiting the number of tillers per plant and seed per tiller; reduced canola yield by limiting the number of branches per plant, pods per branch, and seed per pod; and reduced sunflower yield by limiting the number of seed per plant. Persian darnel affected crop growth early in physiological development, indicating that interspecific interference occurred early in the growing season. Cultural and resource management aimed at reducing Persian darnel impact on resource availability and crop yield components will reduce Persian darnel impact on crop yield.

Keywords

Persian darnel, Lolium persicum Boiss. & Hoh. # LOLPScanola, Brassica napus Koch.spring wheat, Triticum aestivum L.sunflower, Helianthus annuus L.Modelingrooting depthseeding rateseedling establishmentweed interferenceyield componentsyield lossMSU, Montana State UniversityNGP, Northern Great Plains
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 18 , Issue 3 , September 2004 , pp. 509 - 520
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Ball, D. A., Ogg, A. G. Jr., and Chevalier, P. M. 1997. The influence of seeding rate on weed control in small–red lentil (Lens culinaris). Weed Sci. 45:296–300.Google Scholar
Banting, J. D. and Gebhardt, J. P. 1979. Germination, afterripening, emergence, persistence, and control of Persian darnel. Can. J. Plant Sci 59:1037–1045.Google Scholar
Blackshaw, R. E. 1994. Rotation affects downy brome (Bromus tectorum) in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum). Weed Tech 8:728–732.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blue, E. N., Mason, S. C., and Sander, D. H. 1990. Influence of planting date, seeding rate, and phosphorus rate on wheat yield. Agron. J 82:762–768.Google Scholar
Brown, P. L. 1960. Soil moisture probe. Mont. Farmer Stockman 47:9.Google Scholar
Bussan, A. J. and Dietz-Holmes, M. 2000. Persian darnel (Lolium persicum) competition and management in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum). in WSSA Abstracts. Toronto, Canada: Proceeding of the Weed Science Society of America. 40:57.Google Scholar
Carlson, H. and Hill, J. 1985. Wild oat (Avena fatua) competition with spring wheat: plant density effects. Weed Sci. 33:176–181.Google Scholar
Cousens, R. D. 1985a. A simple model relating yield loss to weed density. Ann. Appl. Biol 107:239–252.Google Scholar
Cousens, R. D. 1985b. An empirical model relating crop yield to weed and crop density and a statistical comparison with other models. J. Agric. Sci 105:513–521.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dardanelli, J. L., Bachmeier, O. A., Sereno, R., and Gil, R. 1997. Rooting depth and soil water extraction patterns of different crops in a silty loam Haplustoll. Field Crops Res 54:29–38.Google Scholar
Davis, M. H. and Simmons, S. R. 1994. Tillering response of barley to shifts in light quality caused by neighboring plants. Crop Sci 34:1604–1610.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Degenhardt, D. F. and Kondra, Z. P. 1981. The influence of seeding date and seeding rate on seed yield and growth characteristics of five genotypes of Brassica napus . Can. J. Plant Sci 61:185–190.Google Scholar
Derksen, D. A., Anderson, R. L., Blackshaw, R. E., and Maxwell, B. 2002. Weed dynamics and management in the northern great plains. Agron. J 94:174–185.Google Scholar
Donald, W. C. and Khan, M. 1996. Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense) effects on yield components of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum). Weed Sci. 44:114–121.Google Scholar
Dore, W. G. 1950. Persian darnel in Canada. Can. Sci. Agric 30:157–164.Google Scholar
Doucet, C., Weaver, S. E., Hamill, A. S., and Zhang, J. 1999. Separating the effects of crop rotation from weed management on weed density and diversity. Weed Sci. 47:729–735.Google Scholar
Fennimore, S. A., Nyquist, W. E., Shaner, G. E., Myers, S. P., and Foley, M. E. 1998. Temperature response in wild oat (Avena fatua L.) generations segregating for seed dormancy. Heredity 81:674–682.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Firbank, L. G. and Watkinson, A. R. 1985. On the analysis of competition within two-species mixtures of plants. J. Appl. Ecol 22:503–517.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fischer, A., Ramirez, H. V., and Lozano, J. 1997. Suppression of junglerice (Echinochloa colona L.) by irrigated rice cultivars in Latin America. Agron. J 89:516–521.Google Scholar
Grantham, A. E. 1914. The effect of rate of seeding on competition in wheat varieties. Agron. J 6:124–128.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hamman, B., Egli, D. B., and Koning, G. 2002. Seed physiology, production and technology. Crop Sci 42:451–457.Google Scholar
Hashem, A., Radosevich, S. R., and Roush, M. L. 1998. Effect of proximity factors on competition between winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) and Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum). Weed Sci. 46:181–190.Google Scholar
Holman, J. D. 2002. Quantification of Persian Darnel (Lolium persicum) Interference in Monoculture, Spring Wheat, Canola and Sunflower. M. Sc. thesis. Montana State University, Bozeman, MT.Google Scholar
Holt, N. W. and Campbell, S. J. 1984. Effect of plant density on the agronomic performance of sunflower on dryland. Can. J. Plant Sci 64:599–605.Google Scholar
Hunter, J. H. 1984. Control of Persian darnel in wheat. Proc. N. Cent. Weed Sci. Soc 39:120.Google Scholar
Hunter, J. H. 1995. Control of Persian darnel (Lolium persicum) and other grasses with clethodim. Weed Tech 9:432–439.Google Scholar
Jaafar, M. N., Stone, L. R., and Goodrum, D. E. 1993. Rooting depth and dry matter development of sunflower. Agron. J 85:281–286.Google Scholar
Jasieniuk, M., Maxwell, B., and Anderson, R. et al. 1999. Site-to-site and year-to-year variation in Triticum aestivum-Aegilops cylindrica interference relationships. Weed Sci. 47:529–537.Google Scholar
Jasieniuk, M., Maxwell, B., and Anderson, R. et al. 2001. Evaluation of models predicting winter Triticum aestivum yield as a function of Triticum aestivum and Aegilops cylindrical densities. Weed Sci. 49:48–60.Google Scholar
Khan, M., Donald, W. W., and Prato, T. 1996. Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) management can substitute for diclofop for foxtail (Setaria spp.) control. Weed Sci. 44:362–372.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knezevic, S. Z., Horak, M. J., and Vanderlip, R. L. 1997. Relative time of redroot pigweed (Amaranthas retroflexus L.) emergence is critical in pigweed-sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] competition. Weed Sci. 45:502–508.Google Scholar
Lancashire, P. D., Bleiholder, H., Van Den Boom, T., Langeluddeke, P., Stauss, R., Weber, E., and Witzenberger, A. 1991. A uniform decimal code for growth stages of crops and weeds. Ann. Appl. Biol 119:561–601.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lanning, S. P., Talbert, L. E., Martin, J. M., Blake, T. K., and Bruckner, P. L. 1997. Genotype of wheat and barley affects light penetration and wild oat growth. Agron. J 89:100–103.Google Scholar
Légére, A. and Samson, N. 1999. Relative influence of crop rotation, tillage, and weed management on weed associations in spring barley cropping systems. Weed Sci. 47:112–122.Google Scholar
Liebman, M. and Dyck, E. 1993. Crop rotation and intercropping strategies for weed management. Ecol. Appl 3:92–122.Google Scholar
Lutman, P. J. W., Dixon, F. L., and Risiott, R. 1994. The response of four spring-sown combinable arable crops to weed competition. Weed Res 34:137–146.Google Scholar
Lyon, D. J. and Baltensperger, D. D. 1995. Cropping systems control winter annual grass weeds in winter wheat. J. Prod. Agric 8:535–539.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, R. J., Cullis, B., and McNamara, D. W. 1987. Prediction of wheat yield loss due to competition by wild oats (Avena spp). Aust. J. Agric 38:487–499.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, P. R., McDonald, C. L., Derksen, D. A., and Waddington, J. 2001. The adaptation of seven broadleaf crops to the dry semiarid prairie. Can. J. Plant Sci 81:29–43.Google Scholar
Montana State University–Bozeman Herbarium. 1998. Web page: http://gemini.oscs.montana.edu/∼mlavin/herb/herb1.htm. Accessed: April 9, 2002.Google Scholar
Morrison, M. J., McVetty, P. B. E., and Scarth, R. 1990. Effect of row spacing and seeding rates on summer rape in southern Manitoba. Can. J. Plant Sci 70:127–137.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neter, J., Kutner, M., Nachtsheim, C., and Wasserman, W. 1996. Comparison of two or more regression functions. in Applied Linear Statistical Models. Boston, MA: WCB/McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Nielsen, D. C. 1997. Water use and yield of canola under dryland conditions in the central Great Plains. J. Prod. Agric 10:307–313.Google Scholar
O'Donovan, J. T. 1994. Canola (Brassica rapa) plant density influences Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) interference, biomass, and seed yield. Weed Sci. 42:385–389.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Patterson, D. T. 1995. Effects of environmental stress on weed/crop interactions. Weed Sci. 43:483–490.Google Scholar
Sheley, R. L. and Larson, L. L. 1995. Interference between cheatgrass and yellow starthistle at 3 soil depths. J. Range Manag 48:392–397.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
StatSoft. 2000. Statistica for Windows, version 5.1. Tulsa, OK: StatSoft. Pp. 3007, 3036.Google Scholar
Thomas, P. 1984. Soil fertility and growth stages. in Canola Growers Manual. Winnipeg, MB, Canada: Canola Council of Canada.Google Scholar
[USDA] United States Department of Agriculture. 2000. Economic Price Index of Agricultural Producers:. Web page: http://www.usda.gov/nass/aggraphs/agprices.htm. Accessed: April 9, 2002.Google Scholar
Weed Science Organization. 2002. International Survey of Herbicide Resistant Weeds:. Web page: http://www.weedscience.org/m.asp. Accessed: April 9, 2002.Google Scholar
Weiner, J., Griepentrog, H. W., and Kristensen, L. 2001. Suppression of weeds by spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) increases with crop density and spatial uniformity. J. App. Ecol 38:784–790.Google Scholar
Wicks, G. A. 1984. Integrated systems for control and management of downy brome (Bromus tectorum) in cropland. Weed Sci. 32: (Suppl. 1). 26–31.Google Scholar
Wilderness Invaders Project. 2002. The Distribution of Persian Darnel across Montana, The University of Montana, Missoula:. Web page: http://www.umt.edu.biology/leopold/. Accessed: April 9, 2002.Google Scholar
Wuest, S. B., Albrecht, S. L., and Skirvin, K. W. 1999. Vapor transport vs. seed–soil contact in wheat germination. Agron. J 91:783–787.Google Scholar
Young, F. L., Ogg, A. G., Thill, D. C., Young, D. L., and Papendick, R. L. 1996. Weed management for crop production in the northwest wheat (Triticum aestivum) region. Weed Sci. 44:429–436.Google Scholar
Zadocks, J. C., Chang, T. T., and Konzak, C. F. 1974. A decimal code for the growth stages of cereals. Weed Res 14:415–421.Google Scholar