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Sod Harvesting Intervals of Four Warm-Season Turfgrasses for Halosulfuron and Sulfentrazone

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Patrick E. McCullough ,
Diego Gómez De Barreda ,
Thomas V. Reed ,
Jialin Yu  and
F. Clint Waltz
Patrick E. McCullough
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223-1797
Diego Gómez De Barreda
Affiliation:
Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, Edificio 3P, 46022 Valencia, Spain
Thomas V. Reed
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223-1797
Jialin Yu
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223-1797
F. Clint Waltz
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223-1797
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Abstract

Sedges are problematic weeds that reduce quality of turfgrass sod, and herbicides may be needed for control prior to harvesting. The objective of this research was to evaluate application timing of halosulfuron and sulfentrazone on sod quality, tensile strength, and postharvest rooting of four warm-season turfgrasses. Bermudagrass injury from herbicides was minimal (< 10%), but injury to centipedegrass, St. Augustinegrass, and zoysiagrass was detected before harvesting and generally increased with sulfentrazone rate from 0.21 to 0.84 kg ai ha−1. Sod tensile strength was not reduced from the nontreated for bermudagrass and centipedegrass treated with herbicides, but tensile strength was reduced 15 and 22% following herbicide applications 1 wk before harvesting (WBH) St. Augustinegrass and zoysiagrass, respectively. Sulfentrazone at 0.84 kg ha−1 reduced zoysiagrass tensile strength 20% from the nontreated, but other treatments did not reduce measurements. Turfgrass injury from halosulfuron was negligible on all species, and treatments did not affect sod tensile strength of the four species. Treatments did not affect root mass of any species at 4 wk after sod transplanting. Sod quality after transplanting was reduced from the nontreated on several dates for centipedegrass and St. Augustinegrass when treated with sulfentrazone 1 and 2 WBH, and zoysiagrass quality was reduced from treatments 4 WBH. Bermudagrass quality after transplanting was not reduced from the nontreated by any herbicides. Results suggest sod harvesting should be delayed 1, > 2, > 2, and ≥ 4 weeks after sulfentrazone applications at labeled rates for bermudagrass, centipedegrass, St. Augustinegrass, and zoysiagrass, respectively. Sod harvesting should be delayed 1, 2, ≥ 4, and 2 wk after halosulfuron treatments at 0.07 kg ai ha−1 for bermudagrass, centipedegrass, St. Augustinegrass, and zoysiagrass, respectively.

Las ciperáceas son malezas problemáticas que reducen la calidad de los céspedes para corta, por lo que se podría requerir herbicidas para su control antes de la cosecha. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el momento de aplicación de halosulfuron y sulfentrazone y su impacto en la calidad del césped de corta, su resistencia al tiro, y el enraizado pos-cosecha de cuatro céspedes de clima cálido. El daño causado por los herbicidas al césped bermuda (Cynodon dactylon) fue mínimo (<10%), pero el daño al césped centipede (Eremochloa ophiuroides), al césped St. Augustine (Stenotaphrum secundatum), y al césped zoysia (Zoysia matrella) se detectó antes de la cosecha e incrementó con dosis de sulfentrazone de 0.21 a 0.84 kg ai ha−1. La resistencia al tiro no se redujo en comparación con el testigo sin tratamiento en los céspedes bermuda y centipede tratados con herbicidas, pero la resistencia al tiro se redujo 15 y 22% después de aplicaciones de herbicidas 1 semana antes de la cosecha (WBH) en St. Augustine y zoysia, respectivamente. Sulfentrazone a 0.84 kg ha−1 redujo la resistencia al tiro del césped zoysia 20% en comparación con el testigo sin tratamiento, pero los otros tratamientos no causaron reducciones. El daño del césped causado por halosulfuron fue mínimo en todas las especies, y los tratamientos no afectaron la resistencia al tiro de ninguna de las cuatro especies. Los tratamientos no afectaron la masa de raíces de ninguna de las especies a 4 semanas después del trasplante. La calidad del césped de corta después del trasplante se redujo en comparación con el testigo sin tratamiento en varias de las fechas en el caso de los céspedes centipede y St. Augustine cuando se trató con sulfentrazone 1 y 2 WBH, y la calidad del césped zoysia se redujo con tratamientos a 4 WBH. La calidad del césped bermuda después del trasplante no se redujo con ninguno de los herbicidas en comparación con el testigo. Los resultados sugieren que la cosecha del césped de corta debería retrasarse 1, >2, >2, y ≥4 semanas después de las aplicaciones de sulfentrazone a dosis de etiqueta para bermuda, centipede, St. Augustine, y zoysia, respectivamente.

Keywords

Halosulfuron-methylsulfentrazonebermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon × C. transvaalensis Burtt-Davy) ‘Tifway’centipedegrass [Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack.] ‘TifBlair’St. Augustinegrass [Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walter) Kuntze] ‘Palmetto’zoysiagrass [Zoysia matrella (L.) Merr.] ‘Zeon’HarvestProtoxresidualrootingsedgestensile strength
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 28 , Issue 1 , March 2014 , pp. 47 - 57
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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