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Seasonal Variation of Paraquat Photodegradation Rate on Polyethylene Mulch

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

James P. Gilreath ,
Bielinski M. Santos  and
Steven J. Duranceau
James P. Gilreath
Affiliation:
Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 14625 County Road 672, Wimauma, FL 33598
Bielinski M. Santos*
Affiliation:
Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 14625 County Road 672, Wimauma, FL 33598
Steven J. Duranceau
Affiliation:
Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 14625 County Road 672, Wimauma, FL 33598
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Field studies were conducted to determine the effect of season of the year, sunlight exposure time, and mulch color on paraquat photodegradation rate on polyethylene mulch. Experiments were established in winter, spring, and summer, with white and black polyethylene mulch, and paraquat-applied films were exposed to sunlight for 1, 4, 8, 24, 30, 48, 72, or 96 h after herbicide application. There was significant effect of the season by mulch color by time of exposure interaction on paraquat concentration recovered from mulch eluants. Winter paraquat photodegradation was lower than during the other seasons. At 48 h of sunlight exposure, predicted photodegradation on white mulch was 67, 83, and 88%, during winter, spring, and summer, respectively, whereas these values were 66, 82, and 84% on black mulch. The difference in paraquat photodegradation in winter with respect to the other seasons may be attributed to reduced ultraviolet radiation in winter, when solar radiation has to penetrate a larger atmosphere mass. In practical terms, transplanting on paraquat-applied mulch requires a minimum of 96 h during the spring and summer seasons, when concentrations were 5% or less, whereas a longer waiting period might be necessary in the winter.

Keywords

Paraquattomato, Lycopersicon esculentum MillTomatoLycopersicon esculentumherbicide breakdownultraviolet radiation
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 20 , Issue 2 , June 2006 , pp. 315 - 318
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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