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Rice cultivar response to sublethal concentrations of glyphosate and paraquat late in the season

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 October 2020

Justin McCoy Open the ORCID record for Justin McCoy [Opens in a new window] ,
Bobby Golden ,
Jason Bond ,
Darrin Dodds ,
Taghi Bararpour  and
Jeff Gore
Justin McCoy*
Affiliation:
Research/Extension Professor, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, North Mississippi Research and Extension Center, Verona, MS, USA
Bobby Golden
Affiliation:
Research/Extension Professor, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Delta Research and Extension Center, Stoneville, MS, USA
Jason Bond
Affiliation:
Research/Extension Professor, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Delta Research and Extension Center, Stoneville, MS, USA
Darrin Dodds
Affiliation:
Department Head, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
Taghi Bararpour
Affiliation:
Research/Extension Professor, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Delta Research and Extension Center, Stoneville, MS, USA
Jeff Gore
Affiliation:
Research/Extension Professor, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Delta Research and Extension Center, Stoneville, MS, USA.
*
Author for correspondence: Justin McCoy, Research/Extension Professor, Mississippi State University, North Mississippi Research and Extension Center, PO Box 1690, Verona, MS38879. Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Differential tolerance may be observed among rice cultivars with desiccant exposure events during rice reproduction and ripening. Five field studies were established at the Mississippi State University Delta Research and Extension Center in Stoneville, MS, to determine the effects of exposure to sublethal concentrations of common desiccants across multiple rice cultivars. Rice cultivars in the study were ‘CLXL745’, ‘XL753’, ‘CL163’, ‘Rex’, and ‘Jupiter’. Desiccant treatments included no desiccant, paraquat, or glyphosate and were applied at the 50% heading growth stage respective to cultivar. Differential injury estimates among cultivars and desiccant treatments was observed when glyphosate or paraquat was applied at 50% heading. Injury from glyphosate at 50% heading was nondetectable across all cultivars. However, injury following paraquat applications was >7% across all rating intervals and cultivars. Hybrid cultivars exhibited less injury with paraquat applications than the inbred cultivars in the study. Rice following exposure to glyphosate or paraquat at 50% heading growth stage produced rough rice grain yield decreases ranging from 0% to 20% and 9% to 21%, respectively. Rough rice grain yield decreases were observed across all cultivars following paraquat exposure, and all inbred cultivars following glyphosate exposure. Across desiccant treatment, head rice yield was reduced in three of five cultivars in the study. When pooled across cultivar, paraquat applications cause a head rice yield reduction of 10%, whereas rice yield following glyphosate application remained >95%. Although differential tolerance among cultivars to paraquat or glyphosate exposure was observed, impacts on grain quality coupled with yield reductions suggests extreme rice sensitivity to exposure to sublethal concentrations of these desiccants at the 50% heading growth stage.

Keywords

GlyphosateparaquatriceOryza sativa L.Desiccantricedriftoff-targetparaquatglyphosaterice cultivar
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 35 , Issue 2 , April 2021 , pp. 251 - 257
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Weed Science Society of America

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Prashant Jha, Iowa State University

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