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Preplant and Residual Herbicide Application Timings for Weed Control in No-Till Soybean

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 March 2019

Kurt M. Vollmer Open the ORCID record for Kurt M. Vollmer [Opens in a new window] ,
Mark J. VanGessel ,
Quintin R. Johnson  and
Barbara A. Scott
Kurt M. Vollmer*
Affiliation:
Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Georgetown, DE, USA
Mark J. VanGessel
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Georgetown, DE, USA
Quintin R. Johnson
Affiliation:
Extension Associate, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Georgetown, DE, USA
Barbara A. Scott
Affiliation:
Research Associate, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Georgetown, DE, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Kurt Vollmer, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, 16483 County Seat Highway, Georgetown, DE 19947. (Email: [email protected])
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Abstract

Timely herbicide applications for no-till soybean can be challenging given the diverse communities of both winter and summer annual weeds that are often present. Research was conducted to compare various approaches for nonselective and preplant weed control for no-till soybean. Nonselective herbicide application timings of fall (with and without a residual herbicide) followed by early-spring (4 wk before planting), late-spring (1 to 2 wk before planting), or sequential-spring applications (4 wk before planting and at planting) were compared. Spring applications also included a residual herbicide. For consistent control of winter annual weeds, two herbicide applications were needed, either a fall application followed by a spring application or sequential-spring applications. When a fall herbicide application did not include a residual herbicide, greater winter annual weed control resulted from early- or sequential-spring treatments. However, application timings that effectively controlled winter annual weeds did not effectively control summer annual weeds that have a prolonged emergence period. Palmer amaranth and large crabgrass control at 4 wk after planting was better when the spring residual treatment (chlorimuron plus metribuzin) was applied 1 to 2 wk before planting or at planting, compared with 4 wk before planting. Results indicate that in order to optimize control, herbicide application programs in soybean should coincide with seasonal growth cycles of winter and summer annual weeds.

Keywords

Jason Bond, Mississippi State UniversityChlorimuronmetribuzinlarge crabgrass, Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.Palmer amaranth, Amaranthus palmeri S. Watsonsoybean, Glycine max (L.) MerrFall herbicide applicationherbicide application timinghorseweedsequential herbicide applicationspring herbicide applicationresidual herbicidewinter annual weeds
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 33 , Issue 1 , February 2019 , pp. 166 - 172
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2019. 

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Footnotes

Cite this article: Vollmer KM, VanGessel MJ, Johnson QR, Scott BA (2019) Preplant and residual herbicide application timings for weed control in no-till soybean. Weed Technology 33:166–172. doi: 10.1017/wet.2018.105

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