Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T02:38:28.736Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Preemergence and Postemergence Suppression of Kochia on Rights-of-Way

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Kirsten L. Lloyd ,
Jon M. Johnson ,
Arthur E. Gover  and
James C. Sellmer
Kirsten L. Lloyd
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, Pennsylvania State University, 102 Tyson Building, University Park, PA 16802
Jon M. Johnson
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, Pennsylvania State University, 102 Tyson Building, University Park, PA 16802
Arthur E. Gover
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, Pennsylvania State University, 102 Tyson Building, University Park, PA 16802
James C. Sellmer*
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, Pennsylvania State University, 102 Tyson Building, University Park, PA 16802
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected].
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Kochia poses a challenge to vegetation management in both agricultural and noncrop areas. This species has developed widespread resistance to several herbicides with differing modes of action, including acetolactate synthase inhibitors and photosynthesis inhibitors. Resistance is also beginning to appear against the synthetic auxins and glycines. Therefore, alternative PRE and POST herbicides are needed for effective kochia management, especially in roadside bare-ground zones. Both PRE and POST herbicides were screened on rights-of-way in Pennsylvania. Mixtures containing diuron, flumioxazin, sulfentrazone, pendimethalin, prodiamine, and bromacil were evaluated for PRE activity in combination with glyphosate. POST kochia control was assessed for 15 noncrop herbicides. Results from all trials varied with kochia size and vigor at time of treatment. Although diuron is the current industry standard for PRE control in tank mixes, sulfentrazone appeared to have the most POST activity against vigorously growing kochia. All PRE herbicides evaluated performed better than the standard, sulfometuron plus chlorsulfuron alone. Dicamba, dicamba plus diflufenzopyr, fluroxypyr, and glyphosate performed best against kochia when applied POST. The recently available chemistries saflufenacil and aminocyclopyrachlor require further evaluation of application timing and use rates, respectively, for POST activity on kochia.

Kochia scoparia representa un reto para el manejo de la vegetación en áreas agrícolas y no agrícolas. Esta especie ha desarrollado resistencia generalizada a varios herbicidas con diferentes modos de acción que incluyen los inhibidores de la acetolactate synthase y de la fotosíntesis. También empieza a aparecer resistencia a auxinas sintéticas y glicinas. Por lo tanto, herbicidas alternativos PRE y POST son necesarios para un manejo efectivo de K. scoparia, especialmente en zonas con suelo desnudo en los bordes de caminos. Herbicidas PRE Y POST se evaluaron en caminos de acceso en Pennsylvania, donde mezclas de diuron, flumioxazin, sulfentrazone, pendimethalin, prodiamine y bromacil, se examinaron en cuanto a su actividad PRE, en combinación con glyphosate. El control POST de K. scoparia se evaluó con 15 herbicidas no agrícolas. Los resultados de todos los estudios variaron según el tamaño y el vigor de la maleza al momento del tratamiento. Mientras el diuron es actualmente el estándar recomendado por la industria para el control PRE en mezclas en tanque, sulfentrazone parece tener la mayor actividad POST en plantas de K. scoparia con crecimiento vigoroso. Todos los herbicidas PRE estudiados tuvieron un mejor desempeño que la mezcla estándar de sulfometuron más chlorsulfuron. Dicamba, dicamba más diflufenzopyr, fluroxypyr y glyphosate, tuvieron mejores resultados en contra de K. scoparia cuando se aplicaron POST. Las sustancias químicas recientemente disponibles, saflufenacil y aminocyclopyrachlor, requieren de mayor investigación para determinar los momentos de aplicación y las dosis, respectivamente, para su actividad POST en K. scoparia.

Keywords

Aminocyclopyrachlor, 6-amino-5-chloro-2-cyclopropyl-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acidbromacilchlorsulfurondiflufenzopyr, 2-(1-[([3,5-difluorophenylamino] carbonyl)-hydrazono]ethyl)-3-pyridinecarboxylic aciddicambadiuronflumioxazinfluroxypyrglyphosatependimethalinprodiaminesaflufenacil, 2-chloro-5-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-4-fluoro-N-[[methyl(1-methylethyl)amino]sulfonyl]benzamidesulfentrazonesulfometuronkochia, Kochia scoparia (L.) SchradBare groundherbicide resistancenoncrop areasroadsidevegetation management
Type
Notes
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 25 , Issue 2 , June 2011 , pp. 292 - 297
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Anonymous 2007. Stronger, Longer-Lasting Bareground Weed Control. Wilmington, DE: E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. Technical Bulletin No. K-14728. 2 p.Google Scholar
Anonymous 2009a. DuPont DPX-MAT28 Herbicide. Wilmington, DE: E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company Technical Bulletin No. K-15023. 7 p.Google Scholar
Anonymous 2009b. Treevix® herbicide product label. Research Triangle Park, NC: BASF Corporation. 10 p.Google Scholar
Eberlein, C. V. and Fore, Z. Q. 1984. Kochia biology. Weeds Today 15:5–7.Google Scholar
Friesen, L. F., Beckie, H. J., Warwick, S. I., and Van Acker, R. C. 2009. The biology of Canadian weeds. 138. Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. Can. J. Plant Sci 89:141–167.Google Scholar
Gover, A. G., Johnson, J. M., and Kuhns, L. J. 2000. Evaluation of herbicides for control of kochia under guiderails. Pages. 39–41. in. Roadside Vegetation Management Research Report—Fifteenth Year Report. University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University Rep. PA 01-4620 + 85-08.Google Scholar
Heap, I. 2010. The International Survey of Herbicide Resistant Weeds. http://www.weedscience.org. Accessed: April 2010.Google Scholar
Knezevic, S. Z., Datta, A., Scott, J., and Charvat, L. D. 2010. Application timing and adjuvant type affected saflufenacil efficacy on selected broadleaf weeds. Crop Prot 29:94–99.Google Scholar
Lubbers, M. D., Stahlman, P. W., and Al-Khatib, K. 2007. Fluroxypyr efficacy is affected by relative humidity and soil moisture. Weed Sci 55:260–263.Google Scholar
Menalled, F. B. and Smith, R. G. 2007. Competitiveness of herbicide-resistant and herbicide-susceptible kochia (Kochia scoparia [L.] Schard.) under contrasting management practices. Weed Biol. Manag 7:115–119.Google Scholar
Mengistu, L. W., Christoffers, M. J., and Lym, R. S. 2005. A psbA mutation in Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad from railroad rights-of-way with resistance to diuron, tebuthiuron and metribuzin. Pest Manag. Sci 61:1035–1042.Google Scholar
Mickelson, J. A., Bussan, A. J., Davis, E. S., Hulting, A. G., and Dyer, W. E. 2004. Postharvest kochia (Kochia scoparia) management with herbicides in small grains. Weed Technol 18:426–431.Google Scholar
Nandula, V. K. and Manthey, F. A. 2002. Response of kochia (Kochia scoparia) inbreds to 2,4-D and dicamba. Weed Technol 16:50–54.Google Scholar
Pennsylvania State Climatologist Data. Archive. Database = SHEF, Station ID = STCP1. http://climate.met.psu.edu. Accessed: November 2010.Google Scholar
Preston, C., Belles, D. S., Westra, P. H., Nissen, S. J., and Ward, S. M. 2009. Inheritance of resistance to the auxinic herbicide dicamba in kochia (Kochia scoparia). Weed Sci 57:43–47.Google Scholar
Primiani, M. M., Cotterman, J. C., and Saari, L. L. 1990. Resistance of kochia (Kochia scoparia) to sulfonylurea and imidazolinone herbicides. Weed Technol 4:169–172.Google Scholar
Ramseier, D. and Weiner, J. 2006. Competitive effect is a linear function of neighbor biomass in experimental populations of Kochia scoparia . J. Ecol 94:305–309.Google Scholar
Schwinghamer, T. D. and Van Acker, R. C. 2008. Emergence timing and persistence of kochia (Kochia scoparia). Weed Sci 56:37–41.Google Scholar
Stevens, O. A. 1932. The number and weight of seeds produced by weeds. Am. J. Bot 19:784–794.Google Scholar
Tonks, D. J. and Westra, P. 1997. Control of sulfonylurea-resistant kochia (Kochia scoparia). Weed Technol 11:270–276.Google Scholar
Undersander, D. J., Durgan, B. R., Kaminski, A. R., Doll, J. D., Worf, G. L., and Schulte, E. E. 1990. Kochia. Alternative Crops Field Manual. http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/afcm/kochia.html. Accessed: November 2008.Google Scholar