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Pre- and Postemergence Herbicides for Row Middle Weed Control in Vegetable Plasticulture Production Systems

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 February 2017

Nathan S. Boyd
Nathan S. Boyd*
Affiliation:
University of Florida, IFAS, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, Horticultural Sciences Department, 14625 CR 672, Balm, FL 33598. Author's E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

In plasticulture vegetable production systems, broadleaf weeds and grasses emerge in the crop planting holes and between the raised beds. Weeds emerging on the bare ground between the raised beds can be the most difficult to control. Experiments were conducted in the spring and fall of 2014 at the Gulf Coast Research and Education Center in Balm, FL, to evaluate a range of herbicides for use in row middles in vegetable crops. Weed counts and control ratings did not differ over time and as a result are averaged across 2, 4, and 8 wk after treatment. In the absence of PRE herbicides, carfentrazone did not differ from the nontreated control, whereas paraquat reduced total weed density by 67 and 61% in the spring and fall, respectively. In the fall, carfentrazone tank-mixed with flumioxazin, S-metolachlor + flumioxazin, or paraquat tank-mixed with flumioxazin, S-metolachlor, metribuzin, or S-metolachlor + flumioxazin had 81 to 90% fewer broadleaf weeds than the nontreated control. Total weed density was 70 to 90% lower than the nontreated control when carfentrazone was tank-mixed with flumioxazin or S-metolachlor + flumioxazin or paraquat was tank-mixed with flumioxazin, S-metolachlor, oxyfluorfen, metribuzin or S-metolachlor + flumioxazin. Similar trends occurred in the spring. A tank mix of a soil residual herbicide and POST burn-down herbicides tended to have a greater reduction in weed numbers compared to the POST treatment alone. The most consistent row middle tank-mixes were paraquat tank-mixed with flumioxazin, S-metolachlor + flumioxazin, or S-metolachlor + oxyfluorfen.

En los sistemas de producción de vegetales con plasticultura, las malezas de hoja ancha y las gramíneas emergen en los orificios donde se planta el cultivo y entre las camas de siembra. Las malezas que emergen en el suelo desnudo entre las camas de siembra pueden ser las más difíciles de controlar. Se realizaron experimentos en la primavera y el otoño de 2014 en el Centro de Investigación y Educación de la Costa del Golfo en Balm, Florida, para evaluar un grupo de herbicidas para uso en el área entre las camas de siembra en cultivos de vegetales. Los conteos de malezas y las evaluaciones de control no difirieron a lo largo del tiempo, por lo que se promedió el resultado de las evaluaciones a 2, 4, y 8 semanas después del tratamiento. En ausencia de herbicidas PRE, carfentrazone no fue diferente del testigo sin tratamiento, mientras que paraquat redujo la densidad total de malezas en 67 y 61% en la primavera y el otoño, respectivamente. En el otoño, carfentrazone mezclado en tanque con flumioxazin, S-metolachlor + flumioxazin, o paraquat mezclado en tanque con flumioxazin, S-metolachlor, metribuzin, o S-metolachlor + flumioxazin tuvieron 81 a 90% menos malezas de hoja ancha que el testigo sin tratamiento. La densidad total de malezas fue 70 a 90% menor que el testigo sin tratamiento cuando carfentrazone fue mezclado en tanque con flumioxazin o S-metolachlor + flumioxazin o cuando paraquat fue mezclado con flumioxazin, S-metolachlor, oxyfluorfen, metribuzin o S-metolachlor + flumioxazin. Tendencias similares ocurrieron en la primavera. Una mezcla en tanque de un herbicida residual y herbicidas POST para la quema total de vegetación tendió a tener una reducción mayor en el número de malezas al compararse con tratamientos de sólo herbicidas POST. Las mezclas en tanque más consistentes para tratamiento del área entre camas de siembra fueron paraquat mezclado con flumioxazin, S-metolachlor + flumioxazin, o S-metolachlor + oxyfluorfen.

Keywords

EPTCfomesafenhalosulfuronnapropamideS-metolachlorpurple nutsedge, Cyperus rotundus L.tomato, Solanum lycopersicum L.Burn-downvegetableplasticulturesoil residual herbicide
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 30 , Issue 4 , December 2016 , pp. 949 - 957
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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