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Non–2,4-D–resistant cotton response to glyphosate plus 2,4-D choline tank contamination

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 August 2019

Misha R. Manuchehri Open the ORCID record for Misha R. Manuchehri [Opens in a new window] ,
Peter A. Dotray ,
J. Wayne Keeling ,
Gaylon D. Morgan  and
Seth A. Byrd
Misha R. Manuchehri*
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor and Extension Weed Science Specialist, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
Peter A. Dotray
Affiliation:
Rockwell Professor and Extension Weed Specialist, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
J. Wayne Keeling
Affiliation:
Professor, Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
Gaylon D. Morgan
Affiliation:
Professor and State Extension Cotton Specialist, Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
Seth A. Byrd
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor and Extension Cotton Specialist, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Misha R. Manuchehri, Assistant Professor and Extension Weed Science Specialist, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078. Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Field trials were conducted near Lubbock, TX, in 2013, 2014, and 2015 to evaluate non–2,4-D–resistant cotton response to low rates of glyphosate plus 2,4-D choline. Cotton was treated with five rates of glyphosate plus 2,4-D choline (0.0183, 0.183, 1.83, 18.3, and 183 g ae ha−1) at two application timings (nine leaf and first bloom). These rates correspond to contamination rates of 0.0008%, 0.008%, 0.08%, 0.8%, and 8%, respectively. Visual cotton injury, boll retention, lint yield, and fiber properties were recorded. When averaged over contamination rates, visual injury after applications made to nine-leaf cotton was greater than for first-bloom cotton in three of 3 yr and yield loss was greater when applications were made to nine-leaf cotton when compared with first-bloom cotton in two of 3 yr. Averaged over application timing, lint yield in 2013, 2014, and 2015 after glyphosate plus 2,4-D choline contamination rates of 0.0008% and 0.008% were not different than that of the nontreated control, whereas contamination rates of 0.08%, 0.8%, and 8% decreased yield by 3% to 20%, 45% to 58%, and 80% to 96%, respectively. Contamination rates of 0.0008%, 0.008%, 0.08%, and 0.8% rarely affected fiber quality; however, a contamination rate of 8% frequently decreased micronaire, fiber length, fiber length uniformity, and fiber strength. This decrease in fiber quality also resulted in a reduction in cotton loan value and potential financial return. Although decreases in fiber quality parameters were not observed with the 0.8% contamination rate, significant reductions in financial return occurred due to yield loss caused by injury from glyphosate plus 2,4-D choline.

Keywords

Jason Bond, Mississippi State University2,4-Dglyphosatecotton, Gossypium hirsutum L.Off-target movementsimulated driftsynthetic auxinfiber qualityyield
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 34 , Issue 1 , February 2020 , pp. 82 - 88
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2019 

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